Economy
Türkiye proved reliable energy transit partner amid crises: Erdoğan
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan on Friday said Türkiye has proven to be a reliable energy transit partner and key actor for peace, stressing that its infrastructure has strengthened its role in regional stability.
Türkiye is determined to advance energy diplomacy alongside its broader peace efforts, Erdoğan told the second edition of the Istanbul Natural Resources Summit.
The event was organized in cooperation between Turkuvaz Media, Türkiye’s leading media group and Daily Sabah’s parent company, and the Energy and Natural Resources Ministry.
Erdoğan pointed to the effects of the Russia-Ukraine war and the U.S.-Israel-Iran conflict, saying recent crises triggered severe volatility in energy prices and raised concerns over global supply security.
The Iran war has triggered what is being described as the largest ever energy crisis because of the near-closure of the Strait of Hormuz.
Iran has established de facto control over the waterway, a chokepoint for about a fifth of the world’s oil supply. The resulting surge in energy prices has pushed inflation higher and fanned fears of an economic downturn.
Erdoğan said the conflicts had demonstrated Türkiye’s indispensable role in secure energy supply and further strengthened its strategic importance.
“Türkiye is the strongest bridge, transit and junction point between geographies with rich energy resources and countries that need them,” he noted.
‘Changed paradigm in energy’
Heavily dependent on energy imports to meet its needs, Türkiye has been vastly investing to achieve “full energy independence” through expanded domestic oil and natural gas production, renewable energy investments and international energy partnerships.
Türkiye currently receives natural gas through five pipelines, including two from Russia, two from Azerbaijan and one from Iran, while also diversifying supplies through liquefied natural gas (LNG) infrastructure.
“Türkiye now has a massive energy infrastructure that procures natural gas from more than 50 companies across 39 countries,” Erdoğan said.
He added that Türkiye plans to raise its daily LNG regasification capacity from 161 million cubic meters to 200 million cubic meters through new investments.
Erdoğan said the government fundamentally transformed the country’s energy strategy over the past decade through large-scale investments in exploration, storage and transmission infrastructure.
“We changed the paradigm in energy,” he said. “With the motto ‘Only those who search can find,’ we made major investments in this field over the last 10 years.”
Black Sea gas production to double in 2026
Erdoğan highlighted Türkiye’s gas production in the Sakarya field in the Black Sea, the largest natural gas discovery in the country’s history.
Daily production from the field has reached 9.5 million cubic meters, enough to supply millions of households.
The output is expected to increase to 20 million cubic meters per day in 2026 with the commissioning of Türkiye’s first floating gas production platform, Osman Gazi, Erdoğan said.
“Thus, we will be able to meet the energy needs of 8 million households from the Black Sea,” he noted.
The president said a third production phase planned for 2028 would increase output to 45 million cubic meters per day, supplying up to 17 million households with domestically produced natural gas.
Domestic oil production
Erdoğan also emphasized the growing importance of the Gabar field in southeastern Türkiye, saying it now accounts for 44% of the country’s domestic oil production.
He described the discovery as the largest oil find in the republic’s history and said the region, once associated with security concerns and terrorism, is now seeing increased investment, tourism and employment.
Following the Gabar discovery, Erdoğan said authorities identified four additional exploration areas in Diyarbakır province and plan to drill 24 wells over the next three years.
Türkiye aims to transform its state energy company into a producer of 1 million barrels of oil and natural gas per day through expanded domestic and international exploration efforts, he added.
Overseas energy partnerships expand
Erdoğan said Türkiye is also strengthening its global energy diplomacy through partnerships in Somalia, Pakistan, Libya and Central Asia.
He described offshore drilling operations in Somalia as Türkiye’s first deep-sea exploration project abroad and said operations are expected to be completed within six to nine months, depending on weather conditions.
“Our hope is to deliver good news to the brotherly Somali people, who have struggled with instability and famine for many years,” Erdoğan said.
He added that Türkiye is also working with the Syrian government on joint projects in the oil and mining sectors, saying regional normalization could create further cooperation opportunities.
Renewables, nuclear and critical minerals
Erdoğan said Türkiye continues to expand investments in renewable energy and nuclear power alongside fossil fuel production.
He noted that the country has become the world leader in boron reserves and said rare earth element discoveries in central Eskişehir’s Beylikova district could elevate Türkiye into a major global player in critical minerals.
The president also highlighted lithium carbonate production efforts in Eskişehir’s Kırka region and ongoing work to establish an industrial-scale facility with an annual capacity of 600 tons.
Erdoğan said the Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant marked a turning point for Türkiye’s nuclear ambitions, while investments in solar, wind and hydroelectric energy represented some of the largest clean-energy projects in the country’s history.
“Türkiye is not a spectator in this race; it aims to become a game changer,” he said.
He reiterated that achieving full energy independence remains one of Türkiye’s strategic priorities.
Importance of energy security
Also addressing the event, Energy and Natural Resources Minister Alparslan Bayraktar said that the recent Iran-centered conflict once again demonstrated the importance of energy security and revealed how fragile the global economy can be.
Bayraktar said that in an era marked by wars and major economic upheavals, and the entry into the age of artificial intelligence and a succession of major technological advancements, “the world is undergoing a critical energy transition.”
“The recent war centered around Iran has once again demonstrated the importance of energy security and how fragile the global economy can be in this regard,” Bayraktar said.
Moreover, he underscored that Türkiye has emerged as one of the best-prepared countries to withstand the crisis.
“Since 2002, thanks to the strong political will you have demonstrated and the policies we have implemented under your leadership, Türkiye has become one of the countries that faced this crisis in the most prepared and resilient manner,” he further said, referring to President Erdoğan.
Moreover, he suggested that the National Energy and Mining Policy “became the main road map for our vision of a ‘Fully Independent Türkiye in Energy and Mining.'”
Also noting that Türkiye possesses one of the world’s largest deep-sea drilling fleets and is conducting oil and gas exploration both domestically and abroad, Bayraktar said, “We explored areas on land that had never been visited before, carried out seismic surveys and drilling operations, and continue to do so.”
In line with this, he also recalled historic discoveries in the Sakarya and Gabar regions, referring to vast gas and oil reserves on the country’s northern coast and in Şırnak province.
Referring to the energy transition and technological shifts, he said that as Türkiye, “we are also preparing a new energy architecture for our country in this new era.”
More infrastructure projects
“Our primary goal here is to position Türkiye as a central nation that has ended its dependence on foreign energy, strengthened its energy security and enhanced regional integration,” he added.
He added that under the new energy architecture, Türkiye plans to maximize the capacity of strategically important oil and natural gas pipelines such as TANAP, TurkStream, the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline and the Iraq-Türkiye Crude Oil Pipeline, all of which play key roles in the energy supply security of both Türkiye and the wider region.
“We will strengthen our energy ties by developing additional infrastructure projects with neighboring and regional countries in oil, natural gas and electricity under a win-win approach,” he said.
“Extending the Iraq-Türkiye Oil Pipeline to Basra and transporting Turkmenistan’s natural gas to Türkiye and Europe via the Trans-Caspian Natural Gas Pipeline will be among the key priorities of this new era,” he maintained
Türkiye is also aiming for multi-faceted integration in the electricity sector, Bayraktar said.
“Through the Azerbaijan-Georgia-Türkiye-Bulgaria Green Electricity Transmission Agreement we signed in Baku last year, we aim to deliver renewable energy generated in Azerbaijan to Europe,” he explained.
He noted that the country is also working on a mega power transmission line that will stretch from Saudi Arabia to Türkiye and integrate with neighboring countries in the region. “We believe this will serve as an alternative energy corridor for both our country and Europe.”
Türkiye’s new energy architecture will feature greater connectivity and more infrastructure projects, he added.
“By developing our liquefied natural gas infrastructure, we will be able to supply higher volumes of LNG to Southeast Europe and our other neighbors,” he said.
Nuclear energy ‘not a choice, but a necessity’
Highlighting the growing role of electricity, Bayraktar said: “Electricity lies at the center of our new energy architecture.”
“Therefore, we will raise our renewable energy targets even higher. In this context, we foresee a total investment of $30 billion for a strong grid infrastructure required by our advanced renewable energy portfolio.”
He also said Türkiye views nuclear energy, with its baseload generation capability, as “not a choice, but a necessity” for supply security.
“The process that began with the Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant will open the door to the nuclear era in Türkiye’s energy history,” the minister said.
Bayraktar also emphasized Türkiye’s goal of becoming “a manufacturing hub” during the energy transition process.
“For this reason, we attach great importance to investments in rare earth elements and critical minerals. We aim to increase investments in R&D and technology while supporting the development of the domestic industry,” he said.
Noting that rare earth elements form the backbone of many strategic sectors ranging from energy technologies and battery systems to electric vehicles and the defense industry, Bayraktar said the foundation of an industrial facility at the pilot rare earth elements site in Beylikova would soon be laid.
He added that Türkiye views energy not only as a driver of economic growth, but also as a key to regional peace, stability and shared prosperity.
State policymakers, national energy giants and private sector representatives on Friday used the Istanbul Natural Resources Summit as a platform to discuss the future of energy investments.
The event was organized through cooperation between Turkuvaz Media, Türkiye’s leading media group and Daily Sabah’s parent company, and the Energy and Natural Resources Ministry.
In a session moderated by Daily Sabah senior business editor Alen Lepan, participants discussed “Navigating Uncertainty: Investment Strategies for Hydrocarbons and Minerals.”
The panel focused on geopolitical uncertainty and market volatility in a fast-changing world, tested by a stream of lingering conflicts, especially in energy-rich regions.
The panel highlighted the importance of a balanced approach between energy security and low-carbon transition and was attended by Ghiath Diab, deputy minister of energy for oil affairs of Syria, Noureddine Daoudi, CEO of Algeria’s Sonatrach, Olivier Blaringhem, executive vice president of Subsea 7 Conventional, and Tüprag CEO Mehmet Yılmaz.
Participants exchanged views on energy’s role in the transition process, green investments, critical mineral supplies, localization strategies and supply chain security. They emphasized that international collaborations would rise in importance in the near future, along with local capacity building and sustainable investment models.
Syria’s Diab underlined that strengthening energy security was increasingly being tied to the ability to adapt to political and economic changes and for Syria, rebuilding the energy sector was more than a technical matter and became “more of an institutional and economic matter.”
“Our priority in rebuilding the energy sector is ensuring a clean regulatory environment to define the role of investors and companies in running and developing the businesses. We are also working on implementing a clear regulation on pricing and licensing,” he said.
Daoudi stated that long-term investment strategies in the energy sector should focus on sustainability, strategic importance and environmental sensitivity.
He emphasized that energy transformation is interconnected and noted that energy security and energy transformation should be considered together. He also pointed out that, especially in Europe, the shift toward new energy technologies is expected to continue over the next decade.
Daoudi said that natural gas plays a key role in many energy-related transformations and added that the company prioritizes reducing methane emissions and carbon capture technologies.
Subsea 7’s Blaringhem stated that the company has a clear strategy in offshore energy projects and currently employs around 12,000 people and operates 40 vessels worldwide.
He said that reducing carbon emissions is a key priority in the energy transition and noted that major international energy companies have recently become more interested in projects in Türkiye. Blaringhem emphasized that this interest stems from the current situation in the Middle East and added that energy-related developments in Türkiye have increased interest in the country.
Tüprag’s Yılmaz said that the transformation of the mining sector appears inevitable in the global transition toward a low-carbon economy.
Yılmaz noted that global demand for minerals has increased due to the transition to renewable energy and added that, without mining, it would not be possible to produce products needed for renewable energy, electric vehicles and the defense industry.
He emphasized that mining must be evaluated with a holistic perspective and said that investment decisions should be shaped not only by financial criteria but also by sustainability, environmental sensitivity, occupational safety and social factors.
Grain and fruit production in Türkiye is expected to rise this year, according to the preliminary estimate shared by the country’s statistical institute on Thursday.
Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) sees grain production increasing in 2026 compared to the previous year, driven by higher output of key crops.
Total grain production is expected to increase by 21.7% to around 41.6 million metric tons, the data showed.
Meanwhile, wheat output is forecast to rise by 26.7% to approximately 22.8 million tons, while barley production is projected to jump 50% to about 9 million tons.
Similarly, fruit production is forecast to increase by 57.8% to around 31 million tons.
On the other hand, vegetable production is expected to remain broadly unchanged in 2026, at around 33.3 million tons.
Türkiye, with a population of around 86 million, faced periods with long droughts in recent years, with crop production also being affected. Last year, a major frosting event also negatively impacted production across many provinces in the country.
However, the first months of this year have seen more rainfall, and producers are more optimistic about this season.
The shift in weather patterns and supplies also reflects on consumer prices, with the latest official data indicating that, apart from energy, food prices are among the major contributors to inflation.
The annual consumer price index (CPI) in the country stood at 32.37% in April, according to TurkStat.
Food and non-alcoholic beverages index, meanwhile, advanced 34.55% on a yearly basis and 8.72% monthly.
The eurozone economy is expected to slow down in 2026 and inflation to pick up after the war in the Middle East triggered the second energy shock in less than five years, with the severity of the hit determined by how long the conflict drags on, the European Commission said on Thursday.
The surge in oil prices to above $100 a barrel will push up inflation and depress sentiment among firms and households, it added.
“Before the end of February 2026, the EU economy was set to keep expanding at a moderate pace alongside a further decline in inflation, but the outlook has changed substantially since the outbreak of the conflict,” the EU executive said in a statement.
The European Commission now forecasts eurozone gross domestic product (GDP) growth will slow to 0.9% in 2026 from 1.3% in 2025, with a rise of 1.2% in 2027. In its last set of forecasts in November, the expectations were respectively 1.2% and 1.4%.
The EU executive also raised its forecasts for inflation to 3.0% in 2026 from a previous 1.9% and to 2.3% in 2027 from 2.0%, reinforcing the case for a rise in European Central Bank (ECB) interest rates.
The ECB is all but certain to increase borrowing costs at its next meeting on June 11 after disruption to the Strait of Hormuz shipping lane caused a spike in oil prices and pushed inflation in the euro area well above the bank’s 2% target. Financial markets expect one or two further moves in the following 12 months.
Weaker growth, higher interest rates, measures to ease the impact of energy prices and increased defence spending would also worsen public finances, the commission forecast, with euro zone budget deficits set to rise from 2.9% in 2025 to 3.3% this year and 3.5% in 2027.
For France, Germany and Italy, next year’s deficits would be higher than previously expected.
Italy is also set to overtake Greece as the most heavily indebted eurozone country in 2027, with gross government debt at 139.2% of GDP.
No rebound seen if war drags on
The Commission said the principal risk to its forecasts was the duration of the Middle East conflict. The data underpinning its estimates had cutoffs of late April to early May and although a fragile ceasefire is in place between the U.S. and Iran, Hormuz remains effectively closed.
In view of the uncertainty, the EU executive said it had drawn up an alternative scenario based on longer disruption, in which energy prices would peak in late 2026, such as Brent crude hitting $180 per barrel, and only gradually return to baseline levels by the end of 2027. Inflation in this case would not ease and the economy would not rebound in 2027.
European Economy Commissioner Valdis Dombrovskis said that under the adverse scenario, the forecasts for growth this year and next would roughly halve.
In its main forecast, the Commission said domestic consumption was expected to remain the principal driver of growth, even though consumer sentiment dropped to a 40-month low when the U.S. and Israel launched air strikes on Iran.
Business investment is likely to be constrained by tighter financing conditions, lower profits and heightened uncertainty, while weaker overseas demand is curbing the growth of exports.
Nevertheless, the EU executive said investments in supply diversification, decarbonisation, and lower energy consumption meant the EU economy was better placed to manage the current shock than the one seen in 2022 following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Britain said Wednesday it had reached a long-term trade agreement with the Gulf Cooperation Council valued at roughly $5 billion annually, strengthening ties with Gulf partners amid regional instability from the Iran war.
The deal with the GCC, which consists of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, comes after U.S.-Israeli strikes against Iran in February triggering Iranian attacks on other countries in the region, putting strain on energy and food supplies.
“At a time of increased instability, today’s announcement sends a clear signal of confidence – giving UK exporters the certainty they need to plan ahead, Britain’s Trade Minister Peter Kyle said.
The British government said the deal would be worth £3.7 billion ($4.96 billion) each year in the long term, more than double a previous estimate that it would be worth £1.6 billion, as the final deal went further on both trade liberalization and service sector commitments than previously expected.
The deal will remove 93% of GCC tariffs on British goods, equivalent to the removal of £580 million worth of tariffs by the deal’s tenth year, with two-thirds of the tariffs being removed as soon as the deal comes into force.
The government said that autos, aerospace, electronics and food and drink would be among the sectors to benefit, with cereals, cheddar cheese, chocolate and butter all becoming tariff-free.
In return, Britain has lowered tariffs to the GCC, though the countries’ main exports to Britain, oil and gas, are already tariff-free.
On services, Britain locked in current access to the GCC so businesses could expand without facing new barriers, while Gulf countries can also grow their own service sectors through the deal.
The deal doesn’t change or weaken British environmental or data protection standards, and also doesn’t contain any language around human rights, the UK government said. Some campaigners had warned the British government against ignoring human rights in any deal with the GCC.
Tom Wills, director of the Trade Justice Movement said that “by failing to negotiate any enforceable human rights protections within the deal, the UK has taken a moral step backwards.”
The agreement does contain an investor protection chapter to extend provisions to the three GCC states that weren’t previously covered by such treaties and it includes Investor-State Dispute Settlement, a mechanism that Wills also criticized for allowing Gulf investors to sue the British government.
Britain will allow imports of diesel and jet fuel refined abroad from Russian crude under a sanctions carve-out, watering down restrictions to help ensure supply at home as prices soar due to the conflict in the Middle East.
A trade license that came into effect on Wednesday permits the import of Russian oil that has been refined into jet fuel and diesel in third countries such as India and Türkiye, opening up more supplies for Britain.
The U.S.-Israeli war on Iran and Tehran’s retaliatory grip on the Strait of Hormuz, through which about a fifth of the world’s oil usually passes, has sent fuel prices soaring around the world and sparked concerns about a shortage of jet fuel.
Opposition Conservative Party leader Kemi Badenoch accused the British government of “choosing to buy dirty Russian oil.”
But Prime Minister Keir Starmer said the government is phasing in a package of sanctions announced in October and has issued a “targeted short-term” license for the refined products to protect British consumers in a volatile situation.
“So, these are new sanctions being phased in. This is not a question of lifting existing sanctions in any way whatsoever,” he said in the House of Commons.
The licenses have no end date, but the government said they would be reviewed periodically and can be amended or revoked.
National interest comes first
Britain has been one of Ukraine’s strongest allies since Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022, and the government insists its sanctions against Russia remain among the toughest in the world.
But lawmaker Emily Thornberry, who chairs parliament’s foreign affairs committee, said Ukrainians would “feel very let down” by the move. She said Ukraine’s allies should keep squeezing Russia’s oil industry because it “is absolutely crippling their economy.”
Junior Treasury Minister Dan Tomlinson said while Britain’s support for Ukraine remains steadfast, the national interest had to come first, and therefore a loosening of certain sanctions for now made sense.
“We have to make sure that we protect the security of supply for really important foundational goods in our economy, such as jet oil,” Tomlinson told the BBC on Wednesday.
The move follows a similar step by the U.S., which has also eased Russian sanctions. Earlier this week, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent extended a 30-day sanctions waiver allowing the purchase of Russian oil shipments already at sea.
On Tuesday, finance ministers from the U.S., Britain and the other Group of Seven (G-7) wealthy nations issued a joint statement reaffirming “our unwavering commitment to continue to impose severe costs on Russia in response to its continued aggression against Ukraine.”
Thousands of sanctions remain
Since Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Britain has sanctioned more than 3,200 individuals, businesses and ships under its Russia sanctions regime, to try to disrupt Russia’s actions and help Kyiv.
Brent crude on Wednesday was trading at around $110 a barrel, near recent highs, reflecting concerns over disrupted flows through the Strait of Hormuz.
Critics said the changes will allow the Kremlin to earn more money and fund the war against Ukraine.
Tomlinson defended the change as a “sensible decision” to help ensure the security of supply and help industry, airlines and households with rising prices. He said Britain continued to support Ukraine by providing billions of pounds of military equipment and through the multiple sanctions that remain.
Airlines in April warned about potential shortages of jet fuel supplies for the summer, but recently struck a more bullish tone on availability, although carriers worldwide have hiked fares and some have cut flights.
Separately, Britain on Tuesday issued a time-limited licence covering the maritime transportation of liquefied natural gas from Russia’s Sakhalin-2 and Yamal projects and related services – including shipping, financing and brokering – under Russia sanctions rules, running until Jan/ 1 next year.
Sakhalin-2, based in Russia’s Far East, and Yamal LNG in the Arctic, are among the country’s largest gas export projects.
Türkiye will host a second edition of a major natural resources summit on Friday, bringing together ministers, executives, investors and international institutions to discuss global energy security, investment strategies and critical minerals amid rising geopolitical uncertainty.
The Istanbul Natural Resources Summit (INRES) is being organized by Türkiye’s leading media group and Daily Sabah’s parent company, Turkuvaz Media, under the auspices of the Energy and Natural Resources Ministry.
The event comes amid unprecedented geopolitical tensions and conflicts and as Türkiye accelerates efforts to position itself as a regional energy hub through expanded natural gas infrastructure, renewable energy investments and cross-border cooperation initiatives.
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan is expected to inaugurate the event, while Energy and Natural Resources Minister Alparslan Bayraktar will address participants during the opening ceremony.
The summit follows last year’s inaugural gathering, which drew ministers from nine countries and positioned Istanbul as a regional platform for dialogue on energy and natural resources.
This year’s event is attracting ministers and deputy ministers from Europe, Asia and Africa, alongside representatives of international organizations, academia and the private sector.
In a statement on social media, Bayraktar said participants would gather “to build a safer future with common wisdom in challenging times.”
He said the summit would bring together seven ministers and three deputy ministers from nine countries, in addition to energy and mining sector representatives from 45 countries.
Participants will discuss issues ranging from global energy security and strategic investment models to hydrocarbons and critical minerals, according to the ministry.
Energy security to dominate ministerial session
Energy security is expected to be the central theme of the summit’s ministerial session, to be moderated by Daily Sabah business editor Amina Ali.
The session will focus on geopolitical developments, including the Strait of Hormuz crisis, and their implications for oil, natural gas, mining and critical mineral markets.
Attending ministers are expected to share their outlooks for global energy markets and regional cooperation opportunities.
Alongside Bayraktar, the panel will feature Azerbaijani Energy Minister Parviz Shahbazov, Bulgarian Energy Minister Iva Petrova, Georgian Economy and Sustainable Development Minister Mariam Kvrivishvili, Libyan Oil and Gas Minister Khalifa Rajab Abdulsadiq, Moldovan Energy Minister Dorin Junghietu, Nigerian Minister of Solid Minerals Development Oladele Henry Alake and Somali Petroleum and Mineral Resources Minister Dahir Shire Mohamed.
Investment strategies, financing in focus
Financing and investment models in the energy and mining sectors will also be high on the agenda during a dedicated session, to be moderated by Daily Sabah senior business editor Alen Lepan.
Titled “Navigating Uncertainty: Investment Strategies for Hydrocarbons and Minerals,” the session will examine financing opportunities, investment risks and the impact of global economic developments on the sector.
The panel is expected to include Syrian Deputy Energy Minister for Oil Affairs Ghiath Diyab, Sonatrach CEO Noureddine Daoudi, Subsea 7 Conventional Executive Vice President Olivier Blaringham, TÜPRAG CEO Mehmet Yılmaz and Edison Vice President Fabrizio Mattana.
Challenges, opportunities
The third session, titled “Architecting the Transition: Challenges and Opportunities,” will be moderated by Mehmet Çelik, editorial coordinator at Daily Sabah, and will focus on the role governments should play in shaping energy transition and investment policies.
Officials and experts are expected to discuss public policy frameworks, financing mechanisms and international cooperation opportunities during the energy transition process.
Speakers include Bulgarian Deputy Energy Minister Kiril Temelkov, Romanian Energy Ministry State Secretary Cristian Silviu Bușoi, EPIAŞ CEO Taha Arvas, World Bank Senior Energy Economist Claire Nicolas and European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Türkiye Vice President Mehmet Erdem Yaşar.
Bilateral meetings, agreements expected
Bayraktar is also expected to hold bilateral meetings with visiting ministers on the sidelines of the summit to discuss existing and potential areas of cooperation.
Several agreements could also be signed during the event as Türkiye seeks to deepen international partnerships in energy, mining and infrastructure investment.
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