Economy
Turkish central bank, People’s Bank of China renew currency swap deal
Türkiye’s central bank announced on Friday that it had renewed its bilateral currency swap agreement with the People’s Bank of China, updating the terms to reflect current exchange rates between the Turkish lira and the Chinese yuan.
The agreement was signed by the Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye (CBRT) Governor Fatih Karahan and People’s Bank of China Governor Pan Gongsheng, said an official statement.
The revised agreement allows for a maximum notional value of TL 189 billion or 35 billion Chinese yuan in local currency swaps between the two institutions, the statement said.
The agreement, first signed in 2019 and expanded in 2021, will remain valid for three years and may be extended upon mutual agreement, the CBRT said.
Currency swap lines are used by central banks to facilitate bilateral trade, enhance financial cooperation and provide liquidity support in local currencies.
The update aligns with efforts by both countries to promote non-dollar-denominated trade and reduce exposure to external currency volatility.
The CBRT said the arrangement is designed to promote bilateral trade through a swap-financed trade settlement facility and financial cooperation between the two countries.
“The two sides expect that this arrangement will further strengthen collaboration between the two central banks,” it noted.
In a seperate statement, the Turkish central bank also announced that it had signed a memorandum of understanding on establishing a renminbi (yuan) clearing arrangements which would help facilitate bilateral trade and investment.
The MoU was also signed by Karahan and Pan, the statement said.
Türkiye’s economy remains strong and resilient despite difficult global conditions and regional conflict, Treasury and Finance Minister Mehmet Şimşek told U.S. investors Monday, highlighting low debt, rising reserves and reduced external vulnerabilities.
Şimşek and Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye (CBRT) Governor Fatih Karahan attended a meeting on Türkiye’s economic outlook and investment opportunities during the Türkiye Investment Conference, organized by the Foreign Economic Relations Board (DEIK) Türkiye-U.S. Business Council in New York.
Şimşek said Türkiye’s low overall debt burden, fiscal policy space, declining external vulnerabilities, rising international reserves and the exit from the foreign exchange-protected Turkish lira deposit scheme, known as KKM, had strengthened the economy’s ability to withstand shocks.
“Our economy is resilient to shocks. Our low overall debt-to-GDP ratio, our fiscal flexibility, declining external vulnerabilities, rising international reserves, and the phase-out of the KKM have all contributed to our economy’s resilience,” the minister was cited as saying by Anadolu Agency (AA).
The meeting focused on the road map outlined in the government’s recently announced Medium-Term Program (MTP), Türkiye’s investment environment and opportunities across key sectors. Karahan also discussed monetary policy and the macroeconomic outlook.
Investment opportunities
Şimşek highlighted Türkiye’s manufacturing and services base, strategic location, infrastructure and skilled workforce as factors supporting its position as a reliable supplier.
“Türkiye is a large economy that is growing strongly compared with its peers,” he said.
He noted the government was accelerating green and digital transformation, industrial transformation and investments in productive infrastructure, while recently announced tax incentives were intended to strengthen the investment and export environment.
He identified defense, tourism, health tourism and digital services exports, including television series and mobile games, as areas offering significant opportunities.
The defense industry is also an important driver of the transformation of Türkiye’s manufacturing sector, Şimşek said.
The meeting also highlighted opportunities in advanced manufacturing, defense and aerospace, health care, logistics and transportation, digital technologies, green and digital transformation and access to regional markets.
Türkiye seeks high-tech investment
A separate industry and high-technology roundtable attended by Industry and Technology Minister Mehmet Fatih Kacır focused on Türkiye’s potential to become a global hub for high-technology production and innovation.
The discussions covered Türkiye’s advantages in strategic areas including semiconductors, mobility, green energy, advanced manufacturing, healthy living, digital technologies, communications and space, as well as opportunities to establish complementary investments across different stages of global value chains.
Investors were also briefed on the government’s investment incentive programs.
DEIK President Nail Olpak said cooperation between Türkiye and the United States in industry and high technology was important. He highlighted what he said were opportunities arising from the combination of Türkiye’s industrial and technology strategy with U.S. strengths in artificial intelligence, semiconductors and software.
He said predictability was among the business community’s main expectations as global uncertainty increases. “We attach importance to having a clear road map for the future,” Olpak said.
Türkiye-U.S. Business Council Chair Murat Özyeğin said Türkiye was maintaining its commitment to disinflation and its policy direction despite increasingly challenging geopolitical and economic conditions.
He said the Medium-Term Program and investment framework demonstrated continuity in the government’s economic program and its intention to improve productivity and competitiveness.
Attracting long-term foreign direct investment that brings technology transfers and skilled employment to Türkiye is among the business community’s priorities, Özyeğin said.
Turkish military pension fund Oyak is in talks with one of the world’s largest energy companies over a strategic partnership in fuel distributor Güzel Enerji, with the outcome expected to become clear by early next year, its top executive said Tuesday.
Oyak General Manager Murat Yalçıntaş did not name the potential partner, but the fund has previously said it was holding talks with Saudi Arabia’s state oil company Saudi Aramco over a possible stake in Türkiye’s fourth-largest fuel retailer Güzel Enerji.
Oyak’s head of energy business Uğur Doğan said in May that talks were under way for Aramco to become a shareholder in Güzel Enerji.
Yalçıntaş said Oyak wants to expand its energy activities beyond fuel distribution into production and refining as part of its 2030 strategy to become an international player in core sectors.
He said the partnership under discussion would be an important step in Oyak’s push to build a more multinational structure.
“We have strategic partnership talks with one of the world’s largest energy giants. We think the picture will become clear by the end of this year or early next year,” Yalçıntaş told reporters in Istanbul.
The 2030 strategy was announced in late February when Yalçıntaş said the company had identified infrastructure, energy, logistics, high technology and mining as priority sectors.
Under the strategy, Oyak aims to strengthen its balance sheet and enhance cash generation and capital efficiency while nearly doubling its asset value to $60 billion by the end of the decade.
On a planned refinery investment, Yalçıntaş said Oyak was considering both greenfield projects and opportunities involving existing refineries, either in Türkiye or abroad.
Oyak operates more than 189 companies across 30 countries in sectors including mining and metallurgy, cement, automotive, energy, chemicals, food, finance and construction.
The group’s consolidated revenue reached TL 418 billion ($8.56 billion) in the first half of 2026, while consolidated net profit rose 66% year-over-year to TL 83 billion, Yalçıntaş said.
Consolidated assets increased 31% from the same period of 2025 to TL 1.85 trillion.
In the mining and metals sector, liquid steel production reached nearly 4.67 million tons in the first half, up 19% year-over-year, while finished product output rose 19% and sales volumes increased 15%.
Oyak’s automotive operations also maintained a strong position, with Renault’s Turkish joint venture Mais selling 100,256 vehicles in the first eight months of the year for a 13.9% market share, Yalçıntaş said.
Tekfen investment to support portfolio expansion
Yalçıntaş said Oyak’s acquisition of a 42.8% stake in Tekfen Holding was one of its most important strategic moves in 2026.
He said Tekfen’s international experience in engineering, procurement and construction would complement Oyak’s existing industrial ecosystem and support its 2030 strategy.
The investment would also strengthen Oyak’s agricultural industrial operations through Tekfen’s fertilizer, crop protection, seeds and agricultural production businesses, he said.
Energy and agriculture remain strategic priorities
In energy, Oyak has completed the acquisition of the remaining shares in ISKEN and Arkas Deniz Taşımacılığı, giving it full ownership of both companies, Yalçıntaş said.
ISKEN accounted for about 1.7% of Türkiye’s total electricity generation between January and August, while Güzel Enerji’s consolidated revenue reached TL 112.3 billion in the first half.
Yalçıntaş said Oyak was also continuing investments in steel, including planned investments at its electrical steel facility in Romania.
He described agriculture and food as strategic sectors for Türkiye, citing Oyak’s Hektaş and Toros businesses as key components of its strategy to strengthen agricultural production and input supply.
More Oyak companies could go public
Yalçıntaş said more Oyak companies could be listed on the Borsa Istanbul Stock Exchange in the coming years.
He said the group had previously indicated that investors would see more publicly traded Oyak companies and had followed through on that commitment within six months, adding that preparations for further listings were continuing.
Oyak also plans to expand its infrastructure investments in Türkiye and abroad, including ports and logistics projects. Yalçıntaş said the group was assessing opportunities in Africa, particularly infrastructure projects linked to the production and transportation of the continent’s natural resources.
The group is also continuing to evaluate strategic partnerships in areas where it can create synergies, while considering exits from businesses that do not fit its portfolio strategy.
Integrating AI agents into online shopping could increase the threats of scams, fraud, and breaches of data privacy, banks including NatWest and Bank of America warned Tuesday, as they put forward a set of principles for how the technology should be developed.
Technology companies including OpenAI, Anthropic, Google and Meta are increasingly promoting AI chatbots as shopping tools, envisioning a future in which shoppers use AI agents to select products and make purchases on their behalf. Retailers, meanwhile, are racing to influence chatbots’ recommendations.
British retailer John Lewis said in September that searches originating from AI agents had risen to 2.5% from 0.3% a year earlier, with the trend accelerating.
The group of banks, which also includes ING, New Zealand’s ASB Bank, U.S. lender Capital One and Commonwealth Bank of Australia, said in a report that customers were enthusiastic about the potential of agentic commerce and keen to enable it.
However, they warned that the technology was advancing faster than industry standards and consumer protections.
“Consumers are unclear if AI will act in their interests,” the report said.
“They are concerned that AI agents may buy the wrong thing or spend too much – or even worse, lose their money to scams and fraud. They are not sure whether they will be protected or who they will need to go to if things go wrong.”
The report highlighted risks including AI agents requesting customers’ card details and entering them directly into websites, or steering users toward payment methods that offer weaker protections.
The banks plan to discuss a series of proposals with policymakers, including requiring disclosure when an AI agent is involved in a transaction, greater transparency over how AI agents make decisions, and safeguards to protect customer data.
Consumers and merchants should also be free to choose which AI-powered e-commerce services they use, while different systems should be interoperable, the report said.
Consumer confidence in Türkiye reached its highest level in more than eight years in September, official data showed Tuesday.
The consumer confidence index rose by 1.3% to 91.9 in September from 90.8 in August, according to the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat)
That was the highest reading since July 2018, when the index stood at 92.9.
The index is calculated from the results of the consumer tendency survey carried out jointly by TurkStat and the Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye (CBRT).
It indicates an optimistic outlook when above 100, while levels below 100 signal pessimism.
Households’ expectations for their financial situation over the next 12 months improved, with the corresponding index rising to 93.7 from 93.1.
The index measuring expectations for the general economic situation over the next 12 months edged up to 89.8 from 89.4.
By contrast, the index measuring households’ current financial situation slipped to 75.3 from 75.4.
Consumers were also more willing to spend on durable goods over the coming year, with the corresponding sub-index rising to 108.8 from 105.1 in August.
Authorities in Türkiye detained 14 more people Tuesday in connection with an investigation into suspicious share dealings at Katılımevim, a listed Turkish savings financing company, Justice Minister Akın Gürlek said.
Türkiye’s Capital Markets Board (SPK) last week filed criminal complaints against 38 people over alleged manipulation of shares in Katılımevim and two other listed companies, and imposed two-year trading bans on them.
The detentions are part of a widening crackdown on suspected share price manipulation at the center of a liquidity crunch that prompted regulators to freeze scores of funds and order their liquidation.
“With the operation carried out today, legal proceedings have been launched against 60 suspects until now; 4 suspects have been arrested; legal processes for 44 detained suspects are continuing; efforts continue to capture 12 suspects,” Gürlek said on the social media platform X.
He said all legal and financial measures were being taken to “uncover proceeds from crime, prevent the concealment of assets, and protect the rights of our victimized citizens.”
On Monday, authorities detained 15 people as part of the Katılımevim investigation, while freezing assets linked to executives at several other investment firms.
The liquidity crunch has led to the detention of top executives of several portfolio management firms and drawn scrutiny of concentrated bets in thinly traded stocks.
Treasury and Finance Minister Mehmet Şimşek said Friday the liquidation of funds would not put pressure on Borsa Istanbul Stock Exchange because regulatory changes should prevent any contagion risk.
He said authorities would continue to monitor the market closely.
Paramount inched closer to a blockbuster purchase of Warner Bros., months after the deal was initially floated, in what could be a game-changing moment in the entertainment industry.
California Attorney General Rob Bonta announced a settlement with Paramount in a lawsuit his state led challenging the company’s acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery on Monday, effectively paving the way for the mega merger to move forward, with some new commitments.
The $81 billion blockbuster deal will bring together two of Hollywood’s oldest studios, key TV networks like CBS and CNN, and streaming platforms HBO Max and Paramount, as well as decades of libraries with titles ranging from “Harry Potter” to “Top Gun.”
But terms of Monday’s agreement include what Bonta called “court-enforceable” requirements for Skydance-owned Paramount to increase domestic production and establish monitoring of editorial independence of the company’s news operations.
The settlement still needs final court approval. Bonta maintained that Monday’s agreement “is not a vote of support for this merger” – but that he was always willing to come to the table and “find a strong solution that protects competition and consumers.”
The coalition of states – including entertainment heavyweights like California and New York – sued to block the $81 billion merger back in July, alleging a Paramount-Warner combo would “extinguish competition” and lead to fewer choices for consumers, particularly movie theatergoers and cable customers across the U.S.
Accompanied by a complaint also filed by the Writers Guild of America, the challenge was headed toward a full antitrust trial set to kick off in March.
Paramount said the allegations were meritless, but previously agreed to delay its transaction well into next year so the case could make its way through court. It then quickly called for a settlement – arguing that it had satisfied all regulatory clearances worldwide, including from the Trump administration’s Justice Department and the states’ challenge was its “final obstacle.”
As reports of the states reaching a settlement with Paramount emerged Monday, critics decried the deal – while warning of what further consolidation could mean in an industry already controlled by just a few major players.
“Today, billionaires have yet again bribed, censored, and bullied their way to the top,” Alvaro Bedoya, senior adviser at the American Economic Liberties Project and former FTC commissioner, said in a statement earlier Monday.
“Layoffs will follow. People from L.A. to Atlanta will lose their jobs, small businesses will lose their contracts, your cable bill and movie ticket will be even more expensive.”
Paramount, which is run by David Ellison, whose ultra-wealthy family has ties to U.S. President Donald Trump, won a bidding war against Netflix in February for control of a stable of assets that includes Warner Bros. Pictures, CNN and the HBO Max streaming service.
The Trump administration approved the deal, one of the largest media mergers in years, in June without demanding a change to its business, before 12 U.S. states sued to block the transaction.
Financing for the deal reportedly includes about $24 billion in equity from the sovereign wealth funds of Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Abu Dhabi. David Ellison’s father, billionaire Oracle founder Larry Ellison, also provided funding and a guarantee.
In their complaint, the 12 states argued the combined company would control roughly 27 percent of wide-release theatrical film distribution and a similar percentage of the basic cable channel industry.
California led the suit, joined by Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon and Washington, all Democratic-led.
-
Economy24 hours agoAMD joins $1 trillion club as last chipmaker to cash in on AI rally
-
Economy1 day agoTürkiye extends funds liquidation process, freezes execs’ assets
-
Economy2 days agoTürkiye revokes license of Iranian Bank Mellat
-
Politics2 days agoTürkiye closely monitoring field as terror-free initiative advances
-
Politics1 day agoErdoğan leaves for UN General Assembly with Gaza in mind
-
Economy23 hours agoUS says all Iranian airlines to be ‘shut down’ Wednesday
-
Politics1 day agoSea Wolf maritime drill begins amid tensions between Greece, Türkiye
-
Politics23 hours agoTürkiye rejects disinformation targeting child protection operations