Politics
Türkiye asserts key role as Syria, Ukraine pursue cooperation
As the impact of attacks launched by the United States and Israel on Iran continues to reverberate across the region and neighboring countries, a trilateral meeting held on April 5 between Ukraine, Syria and Türkiye has drawn attention to emerging regional alignments.
Experts say the talks, along with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s remarks on opening “new relations and new opportunities,” signal the potential for new forms of cooperation taking shape in the region.
Recalling that the scene of Netanyahu sharing a map at the United Nations in 2024 where Iran, Iraq and Syria marked in black and described as “cursed,” “Türkiye has taken increasingly visible and assertive steps centred on stability in the Middle East,” Merve Suna Özel Özcan, associate professor and the vice chair of the International Relations Department at Kırıkkale University, told to Daily Sabah.
“In this context, Syria has moved beyond theoretical debates to become a red line for Türkiye, while also emerging as a central hub of regional power competition,” she asserted.
Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan arrived in Syria on Sunday for a trilateral meeting with Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.
According to Turkish diplomatic sources, Fidan held talks in Damascus with President al-Sharaa and President Zelenskyy, discussing bilateral issues and regional matters.
The talks focused on bilateral projects for rebuilding postwar Syria and supporting Syria’s capacity-building efforts, sources said.
Özcan pointed out that Israel’s recent policies, particularly those targeting Syria in the post-Assad period, reflect a broader expansionist and security-driven strategy that is also visible in Gaza, tensions involving Iran, the United States and Israel, and developments in Lebanon.
She added that this approach points to an effort to fragment the region into more manageable zones of instability.
“Within this context, Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan’s visits to Syria are seen as carrying strategic weight beyond routine diplomacy, highlighting Türkiye’s ability to directly influence and balance developments on the ground.”
Following Sunday’s meeting in Damascus, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky shared a post on his X social media account saying that the talks focused on building “new relations and new opportunities,” while expanding cooperation to ensure regional security. Discussions covered a wide range of issues, including energy, infrastructure and food security, as well as efforts to address the consequences of war.
The Ukrainian leader also said the sides reviewed the ongoing negotiation process related to Russia’s war against Ukraine.
Zelenskyy expressed gratitude for the reception in Syria and noted that Ukraine was among the first countries to support a new Syrian administration following the fall of the Assad regime.
He added that Kyiv remains committed to supporting stability and development in Syria, emphasizing plans to strengthen cooperation to boost economic growth and resilience in both countries.
“We agreed to work together to provide more security and opportunities for development for our societies,” Zelenskyy also wrote on Telegram. “There is a great interest in exchanging military and security experience.”
According to Özcan, the Iran-U.S.-Israel tensions and the war between Russia and Ukraine are no longer separate crises but are increasingly converging into interconnected conflict zones since wars now are no longer isolated events; they are evolving into multilayered and interlinked systems.
“The Iran-U.S.-Israel conflict and the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war in the north should not be viewed as separate phenomena; rather, they are increasingly forming interconnected zones of crisis. Wars are no longer isolated events but are evolving into multilayered and interlinked conflict systems.
“Within this new form of warfare, not only military dynamics but also energy routes, trade corridors, cyberspace and space technologies must be considered together,” she noted.
“In this context, Türkiye stands out as one of the few actors pursuing proactive mediation across two distinct conflict axes, both in the Russia–Ukraine war and in tensions involving Iran, the United States and Israel.”
On April 4, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan hosted with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Istanbul to discuss bilateral ties, efforts to end the Russia-Ukraine war and broader regional and global developments.
During the talks, Erdoğan reiterated Türkiye’s commitment to supporting negotiations between Ukraine and Russia, stressing the region’s urgent need for peace and stability.
He also underscored Ankara’s strong emphasis on ensuring safe navigation in the Black Sea and maintaining energy supply security, according to a statement from the presidency.
Erdoğan said Türkiye remains determined to increase trade volume with Ukraine and will continue taking steps to strengthen economic cooperation and he also welcomed Ukraine’s efforts to deepen relations with Gulf countries, the statement said.
On the other hand, commenting on Zelenskyy’s aboard a Turkish presidential aircraft while traveling to Syria’s capital, she noted, “Zelenskyy’s presence on a Turkish aircraft should be understood as both a strategic security measure and a geopolitical opening.”
Drawing attention to that the Russia-Ukraine war continues under the shadow of the Iran–US–Israel conflict, which has contributed to a degree of strategic isolation for Ukraine, “Both on the battlefield and at the negotiating table, it appears that Türkiye’s mediation will once again play a decisive role in efforts to bring the Russia–Ukraine war to an end,” she argued.
As the footage showed, the Ukrainian leader flew on an aircraft from Türkiye’s presidential fleet bearing the registration TC-IST.
“The region may be entering a period of profound transformation,” she cautioned, concluding that the Middle East’s security architecture is undergoing a significant shift amid broader changes in the international order.
Politics
Erdoğan backs ‘just peace’ in call with Trump, other leaders
The United States and Iran are reportedly closer to an agreement to end their conflict, three months after the U.S. and Israel launched attacks on Iran. Türkiye, a NATO ally of the U.S. and a western neighbor of Iran, awaits the good news.
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan held a teleconference early Sunday with U.S. President Donald Trump and regional leaders on Iran and Middle East developments, according to Türkiye’s Directorate of Communications.
The meeting was also attended by Bahrain’s King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, United Arab Emirates President Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Qatari Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi, Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Jordan’s King Abdullah II, Pakistan’s Chief of Army Staff Asim Munir and members of the U.S. Cabinet. It came after Trump’s announcement that an agreement with Iran to end the war between the two nations “has been largely negotiated, subject to finalization.”
Erdoğan welcomed that the diplomatic process with Iran had reached the level stated by Trump.
Praising countries that contributed to the negotiations, Erdoğan said any agreement with Iran ensuring free passage through the Strait of Hormuz would support regional stability.
Ankara will provide all necessary support for the implementation of any potential agreement with Tehran, Erdoğan reaffirmed.
Türkiye seeks a new era in which regional countries do not pose threats to one another, he said, stressing that a “just peace would have no losers.” Erdoğan said Türkiye has always advocated resolving problems through dialogue and diplomacy.
He added that Türkiye was working to establish peace in the region, and believed that suitable solutions could be found over time to issues that appear difficult, including the Iranian nuclear issue.
The U.S. and Iran have been negotiating proposals and counterproposals through Islamabad to reopen the Strait of Hormuz, as well as tackle concerns about Tehran’s nuclear program and its demand for sanctions relief.
Trump said Monday that the U.S. postponed renewing attacks on Iran after requests from Gulf leaders, and that serious negotiations were underway.
Erdoğan held another phone call with Trump last Wednesday, again, on the issue of the war. Türkiye has been in close contact with Washington, Tehran, and mediators Pakistan to seek an end to the war. It has called for an end to the conflict and passed messages between the sides.
U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio said an announcement was possible later Sunday on a deal with Iran that could formally end the Middle East war, insisting goals had been met.
“I do think perhaps there is the possibility that in the next few hours the world will get some good news,” Rubio told reporters in New Delhi.
Rubio, who is on his first visit to India, said the emerging deal would address U.S. President Donald Trump’s concerns on the Strait of Hormuz, which Iran has largely blocked in response to the U.S.-Israeli attack.
The agreement would also start a “process that can ultimately leave us where the president wants us to be, and that is a world that no longer has to fear or worry about an Iranian nuclear weapon,” he added.
The emerging agreement has quickly met criticism from usual supporters of Trump, including Senator Ted Cruz and Mike Pompeo, Trump’s secretary of state in his first term.
Both are staunch supporters of Israel and voiced opposition to Iran soon receiving benefits such as the unimpeded ability to sell its oil.
Cruz said the outcome could be a “disastrous mistake.”
Asked about the criticism, Rubio said, “No one has been stronger” among U.S. presidents against Iran by launching the war, code-named Epic Fury.
“When this conflict began with Iran, the goals were outlined; they were very simple, they were very clear, we were going to destroy their navy, which was done,” he said.
Rubio said the U.S. also aimed to “significantly reduce” Iran’s ability to fire ballistic missiles and to “do damage to the defense-industrial base” of the country.
“Those were the objectives of Epic Fury. Those objectives were achieved,” Rubio said.
Politics
Türkiye detains 13 in probe of CHP congress that chose ousted leader
Turkish police on Saturday detained 13 people under an investigation into a 2023 congress of the main opposition Republican People’s Party (CHP) that elected as chair Özgür Özel, who was ousted by a court ruling on Thursday.
A Turkish appeals court on Thursday annulled the congress, at which Özel was elected, citing unspecified irregularities. In his place, the court reinstated former CHP Chair Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, a divisive figure who lost to President Tayyip Erdoğan in elections earlier that year.
The Ankara court found that “the will of the delegates was corrupted” at the congress, making the leadership vote legally invalid. The ruling cited allegations that some delegates were offered money, municipal positions, jobs and other benefits in exchange for support during the congress that ended Kılıçdaroğlu’s 13-year tenure.
The CHP leadership has denied the accusations and Özel promised to fight it through legal appeals and to personally remain “day and night” in the CHP’s Ankara headquarters.
Both the Supreme Court of Appeals and the Supreme Election Council (YSK) rejected the CHP’s appeal to overturn the ruling on Friday.
The Istanbul chief public prosecutor’s office said Saturday the suspects were detained across seven provinces over allegations of interference in delegates’ voting during the 2023 congress.
They face charges of “violating the law on political parties”, “accepting bribes”, and “laundering assets derived from crime”, the statement said. Search and seizure operations were carried out at the suspects’ addresses in the provinces of Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, Şanlıurfa, Kahramanmaraş, Kilis and Malatya.
Politics
Türkiye’s MIT captures 10 Daesh suspects in joint Syria operation
Türkiye’s National Intelligence Organization (MIT) and Syrian intelligence forces carried out a coordinated operation in Syria that led to the capture of 10 suspected Daesh members wanted under Interpol Red Notices, security sources said.
The suspects were brought to Türkiye following the operation, which officials said targeted individuals involved in Daesh activities and past attacks against the country.
Joint efforts by MIT and the General Directorate of Security’s counterterrorism department resulted in the arrest of nine of the suspects by a Turkish court after questioning, while one suspect remained in custody with detention procedures ongoing.
Security sources said intelligence work identified the suspects as Turkish nationals who had crossed into Syria in previous years to join Daesh and later became active within the group’s structure.
Investigators determined that several of the suspects had ties to attacks and logistical networks linked to terrorism targeting Türkiye.
Among those detained was Ömer Deniz Dündar, whom authorities said had links to the perpetrators of the 2015 Ankara train station bombing, one of the deadliest terrorist attacks in Turkish history. The twin bombings killed 109 people and wounded hundreds more.
Officials said fingerprint evidence recovered from explosive devices found on suicide bombers during counterterrorism operations in 2017 was linked to Dündar.
Security sources said the operation began after MIT identified the suspects’ presence in Syria and coordinated with Syrian intelligence services to locate and monitor them.
Their movements were tracked before field operations were launched, culminating in their capture and transfer to Türkiye.
According to information obtained during questioning, the suspects provided details about Daesh operations, including instructions for attacks, military and ideological training and propaganda activities carried out on behalf of the group.
Sources described several detainees as holding operational or logistical roles within Daesh structures linked to Türkiye.
Ali Bora, identified by officials as an alleged Daesh intelligence figure responsible for Türkiye operations, reportedly joined the group in Syria in 2014 and served in multiple units, including the Farouk Office, also referred to as the group’s “Türkiye province.” Security sources said he was involved in planning attacks against Turkish Armed Forces elements.
Other suspects held roles ranging from logistics and media operations to armed activities and administrative work within Daesh.
Hüseyin Peri allegedly worked in Daesh’s health unit after joining the group in Syria in 2014. Security sources said he was later detained by the PKK terrorist group’s Syrian branch, the YPG, and subsequently released in a prisoner exchange before resuming activities with Daesh.
Kadir Gözükara and Abdullah Çobanoğlu were accused of supporting logistics and propaganda operations, while Hakkı Yüksek was described as a close aide to Mustafa Dokumacı, the alleged leader of a Daesh-linked network blamed for attacks in Türkiye.
Other detainees, including Kadir Demir, Çekdar Yılmaz, Murat Özdemir and Ishak Günci, were accused of participating in armed activities and administrative or media operations in Syria after pledging allegiance to Daesh.
Türkiye has intensified extensive counterterrorism operations against Daesh in recent months, rounding up over a thousand suspects in 2026 alone.
Türkiye considers the Daesh terrorist group one of the biggest threats to the country’s security and peace and was one of the first countries to declare it a terrorist group in 2013. It has suffered from several Daesh attacks since then, including a deadly Istanbul nightclub shooting on New Year’s in 2017.
At its peak in 2015, Daesh controlled a swath of territory across Iraq and Syria, half the size of the United Kingdom. It was notorious for its brutality against religious minorities, as well as Muslims who do not follow the terrorists’ ideology.
After years of fighting, the U.S.-led coalition broke the group’s last hold on territory in late 2019, but Daesh cells in multiple countries continue to carry out periodic attacks.
Politics
Türkiye’s top election board rejects CHP appeal in congress dispute
Türkiye’s Supreme Election Council (YSK) on Friday rejected the CHP’s objection to the court injunction tied to the party’s congress dispute, ruling that the interim measure issued by an Ankara appeals court was final and not subject to further appeal.
YSK Chairman Serdar Mutta said the decision issued by the Ankara Regional Court of Justice’s 36th Civil Chamber had been formally transmitted to the board on Thursday evening and reviewed during Friday’s session.
According to Mutta, the board unanimously ruled that the injunction decision could not be challenged under the current legal framework, citing the Civil Procedure Code and the absence of a legal mechanism to object to interim injunctions issued at the appeals stage.
The board also declined to issue a separate ruling regarding requests submitted by CHP representatives linked to changes in the party’s YSK representation following the reinstatement of former CHP leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu.
YSK further stated that it had no authority to enforce or execute decisions issued by civil courts, ordering the “absolute nullity” ruling to be returned without administrative action.
Mutta said the court’s full reasoned decision would be released at a later date.
Meanwhile, the Ankara Regional Court of Justice’s 36th Civil Chamber also rejected a separate legal objection filed by CHP headquarters against the injunction decision.
Senior figures from Türkiye’s main opposition CHP rallied behind party leader Özgür Özel on Friday after an Ankara appeals court ruled to temporarily remove the current party administration and reinstate former chair Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu as CHP leader amid an ongoing congress dispute.
Speaking outside CHP headquarters in Ankara, CHP Group Deputy Chair Murat Emir rejected the ruling and said the party would continue resisting what he described as an unlawful intervention.
“We are at the party’s founding home and we will continue resisting together with millions,” Emir said.
He stated that CHP had appealed the ruling before Türkiye’s Supreme Election Council (YSK), arguing that the party congresses were conducted under the board’s supervision and authority.
“The congresses were held under the supervision and oversight of the YSK. Therefore, if the YSK is to continue existing as an institution, it must put an end to this unlawfulness at the constitutional level through a decision consistent with its previous rulings,” Emir said.
CHP Istanbul lawmaker Cemal Enginyurt also criticized the court decision, arguing that YSK rulings are final and cannot be overridden.
“The mentality that ignores the YSK shows that politics in Türkiye is finished,” Enginyurt said.
He also called on Kılıçdaroğlu not to accept the court-backed reinstatement, while expressing support for Özel.
Former CHP presidential candidate Muharrem Ince urged party members to remain calm, saying the CHP, founded during Türkiye’s War of Independence, could not be reshaped through courtrooms.
“We have survived coups, party closures and confiscations before. We will overcome this too,” Ince said.
Meanwhile, delegations from political parties and civil society organizations, and representatives from several unions and professional organizations, visited Özel at CHP headquarters following the court ruling.
Politics
Kılıçdaroğlu tells Özel CHP will head to congress ‘at appropriate time’
Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, the former Chairman of the Republican People’s Party (CHP), told current party chair Özgür Özel during a phone call that he would lead Türkiye’s main opposition party to a congress “at the most appropriate time” amid an escalating leadership dispute inside the CHP.
The conversation came after Özel earlier said a planned phone call between the two had not initially taken place because he was unable to reach Kılıçdaroğlu.
“Yesterday, it was stated that Mr. Kılıçdaroğlu would call me and that he had called. I returned his call around noon today, but when I called, his phone was switched off. Therefore, no conversation took place,” Özel previously told reporters.
The remarks follow mounting tensions inside the CHP after a court ruling temporarily reinstated Kılıçdaroğlu as party leader and suspended the current administration headed by Özel.
Asked about the party’s upcoming holiday schedule, Özel said the CHP leadership would remain at party headquarters in Ankara throughout the holiday period.
“Our determination continues. We are at the headquarters. We will continue protecting our party headquarters, our founding home,” Özel said.
He added that CHP officials would continue traditional holiday visits and meetings with other political parties both at CHP headquarters and at party offices across the capital.
Politics
Turkish opposition’s CHP seeks way out after nullification verdict
Türkiye’s main opposition Republican People’s Party (CHP) was searching for a political and legal path forward on Friday after a court ruling ousted its leader and annulled its congress.
A court in Ankara on Thursday ordered the removal of Özgür Özel and the current party administration from their positions. It ruled that the 2023 party congress, during which Özel was elected chair, was invalid due to irregularities.
The court ordered that former CHP leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu and the party’s previous leadership temporarily take over the party’s administration.
The verdict, which is not yet final, has deepened a years-long internal rift and added uncertainty within the CHP by also voiding subsequent congresses, the new party program, bylaw changes and decisions taken under Özel’s leadership.
Özel rejected the ruling and said the party would appeal to the Supreme Election Council (YSK) and the Supreme Court of Appeals, while insisting the struggle would remain within the CHP rather than through the formation of a new political party. He also vowed to personally remain “day and night” in the CHP’s headquarters in Ankara.
The court on Friday upheld its ruling, rejecting the CHP’s appeal and leaving the party with the option to take the case to the Supreme Court of Appeals. If that court also upholds the decision, it would become final under Turkish law, ending the legal dispute over the congress.
The issue at stake is whether delegates were bribed to vote for Özel during the CHP leadership contest in November 2023. The case, brought by a former party member, has weighed on the party for years.
The Ankara court found that “the will of the delegates was corrupted” at the congress, making the leadership vote legally invalid. The ruling cited allegations that some delegates were offered money, municipal positions, jobs and other benefits in exchange for support during the congress that ended Kılıçdaroğlu’s 13-year tenure.
The CHP leadership has denied the accusations. The case was dismissed in October before later being reopened.
The ruling comes amid dozens of legal cases involving the CHP, with hundreds of party members and several mayors detained since last year in ongoing corruption investigations, including former Istanbul Mayor Ekrem Imamoğlu, who has been in pre-trial detention since March 2025.
Kılıçdaroğlu led the CHP for more than a decade before unsuccessfully challenging long-serving President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in the 2023 presidential election. Özel was chosen to replace Kılıçdaroğlu after the election defeat and sought to reposition the party.
Rival camps trade blame
The decision has effectively revived a bitter internal struggle that has simmered between Özel’s camp and Kılıçdaroğlu’s supporters since Özel’s victory.
At CHP headquarters in Ankara, supporters of Özel gathered late into the night, chanting slogans and waving flags, while police reinforced security around the building as rival claims to leadership intensified.
Inside and outside the party premises, emotions ran high. Some supporters removed a framed photograph of Kılıçdaroğlu from a display of past CHP chairs, while others tore it down and trampled it on the ground, shouting accusations against him.
In a notable early move after the ruling, Kılıçdaroğlu dismissed three party lawyers who had filed appeals against the decision, a step seen by party insiders as an attempt to quickly reassert control over the party’s legal and administrative apparatus.
Momentum within his camp appeared to grow in the wake of the ruling. According to party sources, 13-14 provincial chairpeople, including those from Adıyaman, Elazığ, Tunceli and Bingöl, contacted Kılıçdaroğlu to express support. Those same sources also claimed around 70 of the party’s 138 MPs had sent messages backing him, saying “we are with you.”
Supporters described the shift as broader than it appeared publicly, arguing that many officials had previously remained silent due to internal pressure.
Some lawmakers, however, rallied behind Özel and framed the ruling as an attempt to weaken the opposition through the courts.
CHP lawmaker Mahir Polat said the party should emerge “stronger and united” from the process, while another CHP deputy, Hüseyin Yıldız, urged members to respect the judicial decision and focus on preserving the party’s cohesion.
Outside the CHP, reactions reflected wider concern over the implications of the ruling for Turkish politics.
Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) leader Devlet Bahçeli called on both Kılıçdaroğlu and Özel to avoid deepening divisions and seek compromise in order to preserve the CHP’s institutional structure.
“Mr. Kılıçdaroğlu should undertake a historic responsibility in order not to hurt this deeply rooted institution and, within the framework permitted by law, he should waive his position in favor of reaching a joint formula for the future of the party,” Bahçeli said.
Kılıçdaroğlu’s path
Kılıçdaroğlu’s return has been accompanied by reports of early organizational moves and internal realignment discussions.
Party sources say he has begun consultations in Ankara on a possible road map and is expected to focus first on restoring internal order. According to CHP sources, it is considered “highly likely” that he will lead the party into the next election cycle before shaping its longer-term structure.
Kılıçdaroğlu is expected to proceed cautiously on structural changes. Sources close to him say he is unlikely to immediately call an extraordinary congress and instead may follow the party’s regular organizational calendar beginning later this year.
At the same time, internal dynamics remain unsettled. Officials who once served under Kılıçdaroğlu later joined Özel’s “change” movement, while others became mayors, parliamentary officials or resigned from party bodies, raising questions about how effectively authority can be reasserted across the organization.
Party sources say early discussions include the possible establishment of an internal ethics mechanism aimed at reviewing corruption allegations within the party.
The idea, described by insiders as part of a “clean politics” approach, is said to include the potential suspension of members under investigation, though no immediate decisions are expected.
Some within his camp are also considering disciplinary steps for members facing corruption allegations, but party officials say leadership is trying to avoid moves that could further inflame tensions.
No new party
Despite heated rhetoric, senior figures in both camps have so far signaled they do not support an outright split.
Talk of a possible breakaway has circulated in CHP circles for some time, with suggestions that Özel’s administration could operate a “reserve party” in case of prolonged legal uncertainty.
However, Özel has rejected that option for now, framing the fight as internal. “We are the landlords, tenants leave, landlords stay,” he said, underscoring his insistence on remaining within the party structure.
Due to an interim injunction, the appeals process is expected to take time, with some suggesting a final ruling may not come before the upcoming elections.
In that scenario, analysts say Özel’s camp could still revisit contingency plans, including a backup structure to field candidates if needed.
Political analysts say the CHP now faces one of the most serious institutional crises in its recent history.
The appeals process could take months, leaving the party caught between two competing centers of authority while Türkiye’s opposition landscape remains in flux ahead of future elections.
For Özel and his allies, the challenge will be maintaining political legitimacy and support within the party base while navigating an increasingly uncertain legal process.
For Kılıçdaroğlu, the task may prove equally delicate: reasserting authority over a divided party without triggering a deeper rupture inside the opposition.
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