Politics
Türkiye, Georgia, Azerbaijan eye stronger co-op with key meeting
The 10th edition of a tripartite meeting of foreign ministers of Türkiye, Azerbaijan and Georgia will be held in Istanbul on Monday.
Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan will host Azerbaijan’s Foreign Minister Jeyhun Bayramov and Georgia’s Maka Botchorishvili.
Foreign Ministry sources said on Sunday that the meeting will focus on a review of cooperation between the three countries and future steps to improve joint work. The meeting’s agenda include regional developments, foreign policy issues, cooperation in the South Caucasus, reinforcing transportation, connectivity and regional transit networks, energy security and deepening commercial and economic relations, the sources said.
At the meeting, Fidan is expected to highlight the rising strategic importance of the South Caucasus at a time of geopolitical uncertainties, increasing economic fragility and security challenges, and trilateral cooperation mechanism between the three countries serving as a significant and solution-oriented platform promoting stability and welfare in the region.
The most immediate threat to the security in the region is the U.S.-Israel-Iran war, by which the three countries are expected to be affected directly or indirectly. The Russia-Ukraine conflict is another immediate security challenge, especially for Türkiye and Azerbaijan.
Fidan will highlight that Türkiye’s strong and multi-dimensional relations with Azerbaijan and Georgia greatly contributed to regional stability and economic integration. Sources said the minister would also point out the rising importance of the Middle Corridor, in light of transformation of global supply chains, energy supply security debate and changing geo-economical dynamics, in terms of connectivity between Europe and Asia. The Middle Corridor, also known as the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TITR), is a rapidly developing multimodal transport network – combining rail and maritime links – that connects China and Southeast Asia to Europe via Kazakhstan, the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Türkiye.
The corridor, stretching from China’s far east, through Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan toward Türkiye and Europe is seen as a vital artery bypassing conflict areas, including Russia and Ukraine in the north and Middle East in the south.
In this context, Fidan is expected to highlight that strengthening regional transportation projects, developing logistics networks and increasing transportation options in the Middle Corridor, particularly the Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railway, are among joint priorities.
On June 2, Türkiye, Azerbaijan and Georgia marked the launch of full-capacity operations on the key freight and passenger link between Europe and China. A vital segment of the Middle Corridor, the Baku-Tbilisi-Kars (BTK) railway line was launched in 2017 and has since played a significant role in strengthening links between Asia and Europe.
The three countries are also linked by the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and the Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum gas line. Trade links between Türkiye and the Caucasus region were limited before the BTK was inaugurated. The link starts in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, trains stop in the Georgian capital Tbilisi, pass through gauge-changing facilities in Akhalkalaki and end their journey in the northeastern Turkish town of Kars. The link reduces journey times between China and Europe to around 15 days, which is more than twice as fast as the sea route. Trains can depart from cities in China, cross into Kazakhstan at the Khorgos Gateway, be transported across the Caspian Sea by ferry to the New Port of Baku and then be loaded directly onto the BTK and head to Europe.
Fidan will also emphasize the major contribution of strategic projects on energy to the energy security of the three countries as well as the wider region, the importance of developing cooperation further on energy and sustainable connectivity.
Sources said he would also stress the strategic importance of permanent peace, stability and normalization in the South Caucaus for regional prosperity. Additionally, he is expected to highlight the threat of the Russia-Ukraine conflict to the South Caucaus, the Black Sea and the regions in the vicinity and the need to support diplomatic efforts to end the conflict as soon as possible through a fair and lasting peace.
Foreign ministers of the three countries first met in a trilateral format in Trabzon, a Black Sea Turkish province, in June 2012, in a bid to institutionalize the political dialogue and enhance regional cooperation. The last meeting was held in Baku in March 2024. The meetings focused on foreign policy, regional developments, transportation and connectivity, energy security, commerce and regional infrastructure projects. The three countries are located right on a strategic connection route between Europe and Asia.
Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan was hopeful for normalization of relations with Türkiye as he cast his vote in his country’s parliamentary elections on Sunday
Speaking with journalists after casting his ballot in the country’s parliamentary elections, he expressed confidence that the border with Türkiye, as well as railway and road communications, will open in the near future.
“We currently, fortunately, have peace with Azerbaijan. You know that we have very deep and fraternal relations with Georgia. And, of course, I expect the normalization of relations with Türkiye and the establishment of diplomatic relations,” he said. He also highlighted Armenia’s “Crossroads of Peace” initiative, saying it could transform the region by expanding east-west and north-south transport routes benefiting Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Türkiye, and Iran.
Armenia opened polling stations on Sunday at 8 a.m. local time for voting in the parliamentary elections. Sixteen political parties and two political alliances have registered to take part in the election, including the Civil Contract, led by Pashinyan.
Pashinyan also said Yerevan will deepen EU integration and continue a “balanced foreign policy” after the elections.
He underlined that Armenia will continue the process of alignment with EU standards.
“When Armenia is fully and sincerely aligned with the standards of the European Union, two scenarios are possible. The first is that the European Union will accept Armenia as a full member. The second is that it will not, because that depends on many political circumstances; for example, the EU may decide not to expand at all,” he said, adding that in both cases, Armenia will benefit, because even without membership, it will have a state aligned with European standards.
Asked about balancing relations between the EU and Russia, Pashinyan said his administration will continue to adhere to a balanced foreign policy.
He also noted that he does not see any tension in relations with Russia and described such claims as “artificial.”
“Certain forces operating in Armenia are trying to create tensions in Armenia-Russia relations. These tensions are not created for the simple reason that I have very close relations with the president of the Russian Federation,” he noted.
“May Allah grant me the governorship of Jerusalem,” Interior Minister Mustafa Çiftçi told an event on Saturday in the central province of Çorum.
His remarks echoed the common sentiment in Türkiye, which stands for Palestinians in the face of Israeli oppression and occupation of Palestinian lands.
Çiftçi, a former governor, was addressing a meeting of the ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) where he hailed how far Türkiye has come under the leadership of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.
“We still have a long way to go to achieve Kızıl Elma,” he said, referring to a Turkish mythological concept of achieving an ultimate goal.
“Just as we have seen the liberation of Damascus, Aleppo and Karabakh, Allah willing, we will witness the liberation of Jerusalem,” he said. The said Syrian cities were liberated by revolutionaries who ousted the brutal Assad regime in 2024 while Azerbaijan retook Armenian-occupied Karabakh in 2022.
Türkiye advocates for the establishment of a Palestinian state with East Jerusalem as its capital and based on the 1967 borders while Israel pushes for more occupation, seeking to annex more Palestinian lands through thriving illegal settlements.
The minister said he prayed to Allah while he was the governor of province of Erzurum (before he took office as interior minister earlier this year) “to govern Jerusalem as a governor even for a day.”
“I believe God will grant this to us. I heartily believe in it. This may be the reality in the future because we have a global leader,” he said, referring to Erdoğan.
Palestine came under Ottoman rule in the 16th century. The rule lasted for more than four centuries, before Jerusalem and other Palestinian territories fell to the British rule. Subsequently, it fell into hands of Israel.
President Erdoğan slammed Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu last year over a debate on the history of the city. Speaking at a ceremony to reopen a first-century path connecting the Pool of Siloam to the Al-Aqsa Mosque in 2025 Netanyahu referred to a meeting that allegedly took place in 1998 with then-Prime Minister Mesut Yılmaz in which Netanyahu claimed Yılmaz refused to return to Israel a tablet with a Hebrew inscription found near the site because “it would prove that Jerusalem was a Jewish city 2,700 years ago.”
Netanyahu claimed he extended an offer to Yılmaz to replace the Siloam Inscription with “one of the thousands of Ottoman artifacts in our museums,” but was turned down.
Netanyahu said Yılmaz rejected his request out of concern that the electorate led by then-Istanbul Mayor Erdoğan would be outraged by the tablet being given to Israel.
“Jerusalem is our city. Mr. Erdoğan, this is not your city. This is our city. It will always be our city. It will never be divided again,” Netanyahu said.
In response, Erdoğan, one of the most virulent critics of Israel since the start of the war in Gaza, vowed Türkiye “will not allow unauthorized hands to pollute Jerusalem.”
“I know the pain of those Hitler-minded individuals will never fade,” he said. “Let them continue to throw tantrums. We, as Muslims, will not take a single step back from our rights over East Jerusalem,” he added.
“Whether the perpetrator is an organization or the state, terrorism and massacres are a mental deadlock. This bloody lock that holds our region captive will eventually be broken.”
Parliament Speaker Numan Kurtulmuş said Monday that he believes Türkiye will adopt a new constitution during the 2026-2027 period, describing the proposed charter as a modern social contract that would strengthen national unity and enhance the country’s global competitiveness.
Speaking on ongoing constitutional reform efforts, Kurtulmuş said the new text should address Türkiye’s current needs while reinforcing its ability to respond to regional and global challenges.
“I believe Türkiye will realize a new constitution in 2026 or 2027 that befits our nation, ensures the unity and integrity of our people, increases the country’s competitiveness on the global stage and protects it from threats in the region and the world,” he said.
Kurtulmuş also rejected criticism from opponents who argue that there is no “constituent power” capable of drafting a new constitution under the current system.
“I can hear those saying, ‘There is no constituent power.’ Their real concern is denying the nation the authority and status of being the constituent power,” Kurtulmuş said.
The government has been pushing to overhaul the Constitution for over a decade now, which was adopted in 1982 following a military coup that led to the detention of hundreds of thousands of people along with mass trials, torture and executions, which still represents a dark period in Turkish political history.
Over the years, Erdoğan and Justice and Development Party (AK Party) officials have repeatedly called for a new civilian constitution to replace it, describing the current one as “outdated.”
The AK Party has long campaigned for a new constitution, including a declaration announced during its 2023 election campaign. The “New Constitution for the New Century of Türkiye” declaration, which refers to the second century of the Republic of Türkiye, underlined the need for a new constitution. “Establishing a constitutional order based on human dignity for the prevalence of developments in the field of rights and freedoms is necessary,” the 2023 declaration said.
The declaration also said the constitution would preserve democratic gains acquired during the AK Party’s governance and would ensure a high-standard democracy, guarantees for freedoms and the supremacy of law.
Most recently, the AK Party’s deputy chair in charge of political and legal affairs and the party’s Constitutional Commission member, Hayati Yazıcı, stated that the commission is evaluating what provisions should be included in a new constitution, which current articles may no longer be necessary, and how fundamental rights and freedoms should be framed. Once the work is completed, the commission will submit an executive summary to Erdoğan, who also serves as AK Party’s chairperson, before moving to a broader consultation phase.
He remarked that drafting a constitution is the right of the nation. “The constitution is made by the people, but up to now the people have never been able to exercise this right,” he said, referring to the 1961 and 1982 Constitutions.
Politicians from parties of all sizes had descended onto three cities over the past weeks before Sunday’s vote began in Tokat, Gümüşhane and Nevşehir. More than 10,000 voters went to polls in six “beldes” in the said cities respectively located in northern and central Türkiye. Across Türkiye, voters also picked mukhtars for 362 neighborhoods, from Topağacı of Istanbul’s scenic Üsküdar to Tavşantepe, a rural neighborhood deep in the southeast, which hit the headlines for a grisly murder.
Voters elect mayors and municipal assembly members in “beldes,” places smaller than proper “districts” of provinces, usually with a population above 2,000 people and more. In some places, an upgrade in status of neighborhoods and villages required a new election (two years after nationwide municipal elections) and in others, vacated seats due to passing and the conviction of local political leaders made it necessary to hold a new vote.
From the ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) to main the opposition Republican People’s Party (CHP), the elections have been a race across the political spectrum for many. The leaders of several parties paid a visit this week to beldes, otherwise not frequented much in political campaigns, seeking to rally supporters. Although of interest to a small population mostly living in rural areas, the elections are a test for parties big and small to see how they will fare since the 2024 municipal elections and ahead of the 2028 presidential elections. The People’s Alliance of the AK Party and the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) fielded joint candidates in six beldes, while the CHP vies for seats in three beldes, including two in Tokat’s Çevrecik and Gümüşhane’s Tekke and one in Mustafapaşa, a historic venue at the heart of famed Cappadocia region. The MHP won the 2024 elections in all districts that were stronghold beldes, and the CHP won the municipal seats in Ürgüp, which Mustafapaşa is a part, in the same election.
Although security was in place in all electoral venues, this was more visible in Tavşantepe, a neighborhood in the southeastern province of Diyarbakır’s Bağlar district. Gendarmerie troops patrolled the neighborhood during Sunday’s vote. The neighborhood was governed by mukhtar Salim Güran, uncle of Narin Güran who was found dead in September 2024 after going missing for weeks.
Salim Güran was sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in his niece’s death and was ousted from the office. The 8-years-old girl’s death was ruled a murder while her mother, uncle and elder brother, along with a local man accused of helping them to cover up the murder, were convicted and sentenced. The incident caught public attention and led to protests, including in Tavşantepe, while relatives of Nevzat Bahtiyar, the man convicted of covering up the murder, were recently shot and injured in an attack, linked to his role in the incident.
Interior Minister Mustafa Çitçi on Monday slammed Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz’s comments saying Türkiye would continue to support the Palestinian cause and the status of Jerusalem.
Speaking at an event organized by the Turkish Youth Foundation (TÜGVA), Çiftci said: “We will never compromise on our stance. We will continue to carry the cause of Jerusalem’s freedom in our hearts.”
Minister Katz on Sunday attacked President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Çiftci over comments regarding Jerusalem, escalating an already tense war of words between Ankara and Tel Aviv.
In a statement shared on social media, Katz responded to previous remarks made by Çiftci, who recently expressed his wish to one day serve as governor of Jerusalem and voiced confidence that the city would eventually come under Turkish administration.
“Jerusalem has been the capital of the Jewish people for 3,000 years and will remain the capital of Israel forever,” Katz wrote. He rejected what he described as aspirations to revive Ottoman influence in the region and argued that Israel remains capable of defending itself against any threats.
Katz also commented on Erdoğan’s leadership and referenced the legacy of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, claiming that modern Türkiye was being moved away from the principles established by its founder.
The comments came after Çiftci spoke at a meeting organized by the ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) in the central province of Çorum. During the event, the interior minister praised Erdoğan’s leadership and expressed hope that Jerusalem would one day be “free,” drawing comparisons with developments in other regional conflicts.
“My prayer was that God would grant me the opportunity to serve as governor of Jerusalem, even for a single day,” Çiftci said. “I believe those days will come.”
He also said he believed Jerusalem would eventually come under Turkish governance, citing what he described as Erdoğan’s role as a global leader and pointing to Türkiye’s support for causes across the broader region.
Relations between Türkiye and Israel have remained strained over the war in Gaza. Turkish officials have repeatedly condemned Israeli military operations in Gaza and voiced support for Palestinian statehood.
Türkiye advocates for the establishment of a Palestinian state with East Jerusalem as its capital and based on the 1967 borders, while Israel pushes for more occupation, seeking to annex more Palestinian lands through thriving illegal settlements.
Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan on Monday described the trilateral cooperation mechanism between Türkiye, Azerbaijan and Georgia as a guarantor of peace and stability in the South Caucasus, highlighting the growing importance of the Middle Corridor as a strategic link connecting Europe and Asia.
Speaking at a joint news conference following a trilateral meeting of foreign ministers in Istanbul, Fidan said the platform had become an important vehicle for advancing regional cooperation, connectivity and economic development at a time of increasing geopolitical uncertainty.
“The Middle Corridor has become one of the strategic backbones of our trilateral cooperation,” Fidan said, referring to the trade and transportation route stretching across the South Caucasus and Central Asia.
The corridor spans from China’s Lianyungang province through Kazakhstan, across the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan and Georgia, before reaching Türkiye. It is increasingly seen as an alternative to Russia-dependent routes and traditional maritime pathways, which face rising costs and security pressures.
Fidan said the cooperation mechanism serves not only the common interests of the three countries but also contributes to peace, stability and sustainable prosperity across the wider region.
“We view this mechanism as one of the guarantees of peace, stability and sustainable prosperity in the South Caucasus,” he said.
The foreign minister noted that the world is experiencing a period marked by simultaneous geopolitical crises, rising economic uncertainty and growing concerns over energy security.
“In such a period, the environment of peace and cooperation we have established in our region represents genuine strategic value,” Fidan said.
He argued that the partnership among Türkiye, Azerbaijan and Georgia contributes to stability, connectivity and energy supply security across a vast geography extending from Europe to Asia.
Energy cooperation remains a central pillar of the trilateral relationship, Fidan said, emphasizing that major infrastructure projects developed jointly by the three countries have helped minimize the impact of global energy disruptions.
“Access to energy at reasonable costs and without interruption has become a vital issue for the entire world,” he said.
Fidan said the next objective is to create a more integrated region through expanded energy, transportation and communications infrastructure, a move he said would provide a safer, faster and more predictable transit route between Europe and Asia.
As part of those efforts, he highlighted the strategic importance of the Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railway, a key transportation corridor linking the three countries. He described a ceremony held on June 2 on the Georgian section of the railway line as an important milestone toward achieving full operational capacity.
“We aim to maximize the benefits of this strategic route and generate greater added value for our region,” Fidan said.
The Turkish foreign minister also stressed that regional prosperity depends on stronger connectivity and cooperation, arguing that economic integration can reinforce peace while peace itself creates conditions for deeper regional partnerships.
Azerbaijan, Armenia peace
The ministers also discussed efforts to establish lasting peace in the South Caucasus, particularly ongoing negotiations between Azerbaijan and Armenia.
Fidan said Türkiye supports the normalization process between Armenia and Azerbaijan and hopes a peace agreement can be signed without delay.
“The will demonstrated by the parties has opened a concrete window of opportunity for our region,” he said.
He added that Türkiye’s own normalization process with Armenia continues in close coordination with Azerbaijan.
The year 2025 marked a period of intensified engagement between the two former Soviet nations, with contacts expanding from political dialogue to confidence-building measures on the ground.
A major breakthrough came on Aug. 8, when Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev and Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan met in Washington under U.S. mediation and signed a joint declaration reaffirming their commitment to ending decades of conflict. On the same occasion, the foreign ministers of both countries initialed a peace agreement, underscoring a shared determination to advance toward full normalization.
According to Fidan, the strengthening of peace would accelerate connectivity projects throughout the region, while enhanced connectivity would help solidify the social and economic foundations of peace.
“This cycle serves the common interests of the entire region,” he said.
Despite positive developments in the South Caucasus, Fidan warned that the broader regional security environment continues to face serious risks.
Among the issues discussed during the meeting were ongoing diplomatic efforts between Iran and the United States. Fidan said ending the conflict that has threatened regional and global stability remains essential and reiterated Türkiye’s support for diplomacy and dialogue.
“Türkiye will continue to support diplomacy and dialogue during this critical period,” he underlined.
The foreign minister also addressed the Russia-Ukraine war, describing a peaceful resolution as crucial for regional stability and security. He said Ankara remains concerned about the current deadlock both on the battlefield and in diplomatic negotiations.
“The steps taken by the parties to improve their positions have unfortunately increased tensions on the ground,” Fidan said
He pointed to recent attacks in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov as examples of the dangers posed by continued escalation.
Fidan also expressed condolences to Azerbaijan over recent casualties linked to regional tensions, extending his sympathies to Azerbaijani Foreign Minister Jeyhun Bayramov and the Azerbaijani people.
Concluding the meeting, Fidan said the three countries had reaffirmed their shared vision for the future of the South Caucasus and their commitment to deepening cooperation.
“The stronger cooperation among our countries becomes, the safer, more prosperous and more stable the South Caucasus will be,” he said.
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