Politics
Ultra-local elections test Türkiye’s political climate
Politicians from parties of all sizes had descended onto three cities over the past weeks before Sunday’s vote began in Tokat, Gümüşhane and Nevşehir. More than 10,000 voters went to polls in six “beldes” in the said cities respectively located in northern and central Türkiye. Across Türkiye, voters also picked mukhtars for 362 neighborhoods, from Topağacı of Istanbul’s scenic Üsküdar to Tavşantepe, a rural neighborhood deep in the southeast, which hit the headlines for a grisly murder.
Voters elect mayors and municipal assembly members in “beldes,” places smaller than proper “districts” of provinces, usually with a population above 2,000 people and more. In some places, an upgrade in status of neighborhoods and villages required a new election (two years after nationwide municipal elections) and in others, vacated seats due to passing and the conviction of local political leaders made it necessary to hold a new vote.
From the ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) to main the opposition Republican People’s Party (CHP), the elections have been a race across the political spectrum for many. The leaders of several parties paid a visit this week to beldes, otherwise not frequented much in political campaigns, seeking to rally supporters. Although of interest to a small population mostly living in rural areas, the elections are a test for parties big and small to see how they will fare since the 2024 municipal elections and ahead of the 2028 presidential elections. The People’s Alliance of the AK Party and the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) fielded joint candidates in six beldes, while the CHP vies for seats in three beldes, including two in Tokat’s Çevrecik and Gümüşhane’s Tekke and one in Mustafapaşa, a historic venue at the heart of famed Cappadocia region. The MHP won the 2024 elections in all districts that were stronghold beldes, and the CHP won the municipal seats in Ürgüp, which Mustafapaşa is a part, in the same election.
Although security was in place in all electoral venues, this was more visible in Tavşantepe, a neighborhood in the southeastern province of Diyarbakır’s Bağlar district. Gendarmerie troops patrolled the neighborhood during Sunday’s vote. The neighborhood was governed by mukhtar Salim Güran, uncle of Narin Güran who was found dead in September 2024 after going missing for weeks.
Salim Güran was sentenced to life imprisonment for his involvement in his niece’s death and was ousted from the office. The 8-years-old girl’s death was ruled a murder while her mother, uncle and elder brother, along with a local man accused of helping them to cover up the murder, were convicted and sentenced. The incident caught public attention and led to protests, including in Tavşantepe, while relatives of Nevzat Bahtiyar, the man convicted of covering up the murder, were recently shot and injured in an attack, linked to his role in the incident.
Five F-16 fighter jets and 76 crew members will soon fly to Estonia as the Turkish air force prepares to undertake an air policing mission in the Baltic region as part of a NATO operation.
The jets and their personnel continue preparations for the important task, which comes amid heightened concerns about the risk of the Russia-Ukraine conflict spilling over into the region. Also known as the “Pars (Leopard) Squadron,” the unit is currently based at its home base in Diyarbakır, southeastern Türkiye. Key NATO ally Türkiye often offers its services for the alliance’s air policing missions in Europe. This time, the squadron will be stationed at Amari Air Base in Estonia, which does not have its own fighter jets, unlike the other Baltic countries, Lithuania and Latvia.
The crews will be in Estonia from August to November for round-the-clock Quick Reaction Alert missions, keeping watch for airspace violations.
The squadron’s commander, Lt. Col. Özdemir, told Anadolu Agency (AA) on Sunday that air policing is a peacetime air defense activity.
“It is strategically important for the defense of NATO’s eastern flank. It will make important contributions to Türkiye, particularly by strengthening international deterrence, promoting joint operations with allied forces and helping them enhance their strategic capabilities,” he said.
He noted that the 181st Jet Squadron Command, to which Pars belongs, is one of the oldest and largest strike forces in eastern Türkiye.
Özdemir said their mission would mainly consist of monitoring airspace violations and responding to unidentified aerial vehicles.
“Pars is a squadron that has repeatedly proven itself in both domestic and international missions. We are confident that we will perform this task in the best possible way and represent Türkiye in the Baltic skies,” he added.
First Lt. Özmen, a member of the squadron, said the Turkish Air Force ranks above its peers thanks to tough, disciplined and continuous training.
“This is certainly not solely the success of pilots. Behind all our accomplishments are crews, from maintenance workers to air traffic controllers, from planning officers to backup personnel, who devote their lives to these missions and demonstrate a strong team spirit,” Özmen said.
Under NATO’s Baltic Air Policing mission, the security of the Baltic skies has been provided by NATO member countries since 2004, when Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania joined the alliance.
NATO member countries with the necessary capabilities voluntarily contribute to the Baltic Air Policing mission, with responsibility rotating every four months.
Since the mission was first deployed in 2004, participating NATO fighter jets have been stationed at Siauliai Air Base in Lithuania.
Since 2014, NATO aircraft have also been deployed at Amari Air Base in Estonia, while they have also been able to operate from Lielvārde Air Base in Latvia since 2024.
As part of NATO’s Air Policing mission, the Turkish Air Force successfully completed Enhanced Air Policing missions in Poland from July 6 to Sept. 15, 2021, and in Romania from Nov. 30, 2023, to April 2, 2024. Türkiye is also scheduled to take on the air policing mission in Romania from December 2026 to March 2027.
Türkiye on Thursday condemned an Israeli minister’s raid to the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound alongside far-right figures, urging the international community to prevent attempts to alter the site’s historical and legal status.
In a statement, the Foreign Ministry said it “condemns in the strongest terms” the raid, warning that such actions threaten the historical and legal status of the holy sites in Jerusalem.
The ministry called on the international community to prevent provocative acts and attempts by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s government to create “faits accomplis” that undermine the longstanding status of Jerusalem’s holy sites, particularly Al-Aqsa Mosque.
It reiterated Türkiye’s position that Al-Aqsa Mosque is a place of worship exclusively for Muslims and stressed that preserving its historical and legal status is a shared responsibility of the international community.
Communications Director Burhanettin Duran and ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) spokesman Ömer Çelik also condemned an Israeli minister’s raid on the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound, saying the move violated the site’s historic status and risked further inflaming tensions in the region.
Duran said attempts to undermine the historic and legal status of Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque were unacceptable and warned that such unilateral actions by the Israeli government would further escalate tensions and damage prospects for lasting peace.
“Such unilateral actions by Netanyahu’s genocidal government aimed at eroding the historical and legal status of Jerusalem only further escalate tensions in the region and undermine hopes for lasting peace.”
Reaffirming Türkiye’s longstanding position, Duran said preserving the historic status of Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque is a responsibility shared by the international community, adding that Ankara would continue to support the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people and defend Jerusalem’s status under international law.
“Under the leadership of our President, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Türkiye will continue to firmly defend the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people and the status of Jerusalem under international law,” Duran said.
In a separate statement, AK Party Deputy Chair and spokesperson Ömer Çelik also condemned the visit, saying the protection of Al-Aqsa Mosque’s legal and historical status is “the responsibility of all humanity.”
Far-right Israeli National Security Minister Itamar Ben Gvir visited the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound on Thursday with hundreds of Israeli Jews, drawing criticism over what was described as a violation of the site’s longstanding status quo.
Israeli Diaspora Affairs Minister Amichai Chikli said on Wednesday that Israel should prepare for the possibility of a future confrontation with Türkiye, arguing that direct military contact between the two countries was “not an impossible scenario.”
Speaking at a conference in west Jerusalem, Chikli said a direct encounter between the Israeli and Turkish militaries could occur at sea, adding that such a scenario could happen “even tomorrow morning.”
Türkiye in the past two decades has developed an independent defense industry capable of operating in open waters, thereby shifting geopolitical balances in its favor. The navy plays a critical role in ensuring the security of maritime trade routes in the Eastern Mediterranean, the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea, promoting regional stability.
In the past two decades, the country has reached a milestone by designing and producing its own warships. The TCG Heybeliada, the first indigenous corvette, was commissioned in 2011, followed by projects for indigenous frigates and destroyers.
The ADVENT combat management system, developed domestically, represents a significant achievement, enhancing the capabilities of the Turkish navy. In 2024, the country commissioned its first of six planned Reis-class submarines. The project for the Piri Reis submarine, the first of its class, was launched in 2019. It has a length of 68.35 meters (224.25 feet) and a capacity of 40 personnel.
Moreover, Israeli daily Israel Hayom reported that Israeli policymakers are increasingly focused on Türkiye’s growing regional role, arguing that Ankara has gained greater room to expand its influence as Iran’s regional position has weakened.
The newspaper said some Israeli analysts view Türkiye, backed by Qatar, as a leading force in a reshaping regional bloc and urged Israel to adapt its long-term security strategy accordingly.
According to the report, analysts called on Israel to reduce its dependence on the United States in defense procurement, strengthen domestic military capabilities and pursue new regional partnerships to address evolving geopolitical challenges.
The report also claimed Türkiye has expanded its influence across several conflict zones in the Middle East and is seeking to increase its strategic weight in regional trade and security, assertions that reflect the views of the analysts cited by the newspaper.
Relations between Türkiye and Israel have deteriorated sharply since the outbreak of the Gaza war, with Ankara strongly criticizing Israel’s military campaign and suspending bilateral trade. The two countries have also exchanged increasingly sharp rhetoric over regional security issues, including developments in Syria and the Eastern Mediterranean.
Wael Badawi, Egypt’s ambassador to Ankara, underlined the joint role of Türkiye and Egypt in promoting regional peace and stability. In an interview with Anadolu Agency (AA) on Thursday, Badawi said the two countries were strategic partners and key regional and international actors working to promote stability and peace.
Badawi, who took office last year, said Turkish-Egyptian cooperation extends beyond political issues such as Gaza and Iran to include the environment, culture and the economy.
He noted that Egypt and Türkiye had celebrated the centenary of diplomatic relations last year, while noting that ties between the two countries date back centuries and are reinforced by strong people-to-people relations. He said the breadth of cooperation requires close coordination across many fields and is reflected in frequent high-level visits.
Recalling President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s visit to Egypt on Feb. 4, where he met with Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi, Badawi said the leaders held the second meeting of the High-Level Strategic Cooperation Council and signed memoranda of understanding in a range of areas. “We are happy to have this strategic partnership between Egypt and Türkiye. It is a strategic partnership. It is a symbol of cooperation. It really testifies to the strength of the relationship between the two countries,” he said.
Badawi said Egyptian Armed Forces Commander-in-Chief and Minister of Defense and Military Production Lt. Gen. Ashraf Salim Zahir visited Ankara last week to strengthen cooperation in defense and the defense industry. “You have a very developed defense industry. In Egypt, too, we have a very advanced defense industry, and therefore we are trying to see how both countries can cooperate in this area,” he said. He added that the two countries also aim to deepen cooperation in areas including the environment, trade, education and science, with additional high-level visits planned to advance practical collaboration.
“Egypt and Türkiye are major regional and international players. They are both strong countries, and they work together for stability and peace in the region, promoting peace, comprehensive and sustainable development, and safeguarding respect for international law,” he said.
He said a platform bringing together Egypt, Türkiye, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan seeks to explore ways to cooperate economically, socially, and politically for the benefit of the region’s people.
Badawi said Cairo and Ankara cooperate not only on Gaza but on the broader Palestinian issue. “We also witnessed the atrocities and what has happened since Oct. 7. It is really a tragedy,” he said.
He added that the two countries work together both bilaterally and through regional frameworks, while sharing common cultural, social, and family values.
Badawi said both countries remain committed to a two-state solution for Palestine. “We are both working for the two-state solution for Palestine. We both oppose any attempt to displace Palestinians from their country.
“This is their country. The hospitals need to be rehabilitated. The schools need to be rehabilitated. There has to be a reconstruction effort,” he said.
Referring to U.S. President Donald Trump’s Gaza peace initiative, Badawi said Egypt and Türkiye are working together to support its implementation.
“We are still in phase one of this plan. We want to move to phase two, but Israel still needs to honor its obligations in phase one so that we can move to phase two,” he said.
Türkiye, the United Arab Emirates, Indonesia, Qatar, Egypt, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Jordan on Thursday issued a joint statement condemning Israel’s violations at the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound, urging the international community to take a firm stance against measures that violate the site’s historical and legal status.
The foreign ministers of the Muslim nations warned that escalating provocations threaten regional stability and undermine prospects for a just and lasting peace.
In a joint statement, the ministers denounced repeated incursions into the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound led by far-right Israeli ministers and illegal settlers under the protection of Israeli security forces. They also condemned the raising of the Israeli flag inside the compound, the installation of two tents by Israeli police and other provocative actions at the site, saying they constitute clear violations of international law, relevant U.N. resolutions and the historical and legal status quo in occupied East Jerusalem.
The ministers further condemned incitement, calls for raids and acts of violence by Israeli extremist ministers and groups, warning that such actions fuel hatred and extremism while obstructing efforts to achieve a just and lasting peace based on a two-state solution.
The statement also criticized restrictions on access to Jerusalem’s Old City and its places of worship, saying discriminatory measures imposed on Muslim and Christian worshippers violate international humanitarian law and amount to unlawful attempts to alter the city’s historical and legal status.
The ministers reaffirmed that Israel has no sovereignty over occupied East Jerusalem or its Muslim and Christian holy sites and condemned systematic policies aimed at changing the city’s historical, legal and demographic character.
They reiterated their rejection of any attempt to alter the historical and legal status of Jerusalem’s holy sites, while underscoring the special role of the Hashemite Custodianship in safeguarding them.
The ministers also reaffirmed that the entire Al-Aqsa Mosque compound is an Islamic place of worship exclusively for Muslims and that the Jerusalem Awqaf and Al-Aqsa Affairs Department, operating under Jordan’s Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs, remains the sole legal authority responsible for administering the site and regulating access.
Calling on Israel to immediately lift restrictions on access to Jerusalem’s Old City, the ministers urged an end to measures preventing Muslim worshippers from reaching Al-Aqsa Mosque.
They also called on the international community to adopt a firm position and press Israel to end violations against Muslim and Christian holy sites in Jerusalem and respect the sanctity and historical status of those sites.
Türkiye and Syria signed an agreement Thursday paving the way for cultural centers to operate in each other’s countries, expanding cultural cooperation through language education and cultural exchange initiatives.
Nuh Yılmaz, Türkiye’s ambassador to Damascus, told Anadolu Agency (AA) that relations between Türkiye and Syria are developing rapidly in line with the political will expressed by the two countries’ presidents, adding that the necessary legal framework is also being established.
He called the agreement an important step toward placing bilateral ties on an institutional and legal footing.
Turkiye’s Yunus Emre cultural centers – named after a famed 14th-century poet – operated in the capital Damascus and Aleppo before the war but suspended their activities after the conflict began in 2011.
Yılmaz said Syria has a sizable Turkish-speaking population, including local ethnic Turkmen communities and Syrians who lived in Türkiye for many years.
“These centers will play an important role in preserving and developing existing language skills and bringing them to a more academic level,” he said, noting strong demand among Syrians seeking to learn or improve their Turkish.
The Yunus Emre Institute will also organize activities aimed at rediscovering the two countries’ shared cultural heritage, including projects in literature, photography, cinema, painting and history, Yılmaz said.
He added that the cultural programs would strengthen ties between the two peoples and highlight the historic and cultural relationship between Türkiye and Syria.
The agreement was signed by Yılmaz and Qutayba Kadish, head of the International Cooperation Department at the Syrian Foreign Ministry.
Embassy officials and Furkan Köroğlu, acting coordinator of the Yunus Emre Institute’s Damascus Cultural Center, also attended the ceremony.
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