Politics
Türkiye helps mediate talks between govt, opposition in Somalia
As a close ally of Somalia, Türkiye continues to expand its clout in the African country. Security sources said Wednesday that Ankara played an active role in launching and sustaining dialogue between Somalia’s government and the opposition during a period of debate about the Constitution and electoral system.
Talks began Tuesday in Mogadishu following initiatives by Türkiye’s National Intelligence Organization (MIT), after disagreements about proposed changes to the Constitution and election system.
MIT’s long-running efforts with the parties, carried out under the instructions of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, have produced positive results, according to the sources.
Representatives of the Somali Federal Government and the opposition agreed to continue talks, while the process is being conducted in close coordination with the Turkish Foreign Ministry, they added.
They said MIT has long been engaged in efforts to build trust between Somalia’s political actors and help address disputes through dialogue on a constructive basis.
Throughout the process, Türkiye conveyed to the parties that lasting peace and stability in Somalia can only be achieved through dialogue, compromise and an inclusive political process, while emphasizing that the future can only be shaped by the will of Somalis, sources said.
Security sources said Türkiye, as Somalia’s genuine friend and strategic partner, will continue contributing to peace, stability and development in the country.
The Somali government thanked Türkiye for its mediation role, saying government and opposition representatives met in Mogadishu in a friendly atmosphere. “The meeting enabled the parties to exchange their views openly, sincerely and constructively,” it said, adding that the sides expressed gratitude to Türkiye for its “dedicated facilitation role” throughout the dialogue process. Former President Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo, who attended the talks on behalf of part of the opposition, said the parties agreed during the Mogadishu meeting to continue an inclusive dialogue process for Somalia’s political stability, security and prosperity.
Türkiye-U.K.-Somalia ties
Türkiye’s long-term engagement in Somalia, built on development, security cooperation and sustained political commitment, has created a foundation for stability that could be strengthened through closer cooperation with the U.K., speakers said during a discussion at the U.K. Parliament on Monday.
The event, titled “Anchoring Stability: Aligning the UK, Türkiye and Somalia in the Horn of Africa,” was hosted by the Center for Anglo-Turkish Relations (CATR) at the House of Commons in partnership with the Horn Report and Geopol Report.
Addressing the meeting, Turkish Ambassador to the U.K. Osman Koray Ertaş said Türkiye’s engagement with Somalia has never been limited to humanitarian aid but has developed into a comprehensive partnership supported across Turkish society.
Türkiye’s relationship with Africa, not only with Somalia but with Africa as a whole, has been a fundamental part of its foreign policy, he said. The policy is not only about aid but is also strongly supported by different segments of Turkish society, including the private sector, civil society, educational institutions and development actors, Ertas said.
He stressed that Türkiye’s ties with Somalia are rooted in history and shared solidarity.
“There is a strong affinity between our country and our nation and Somalia and the Somali people. This relationship has its roots in history. We feel ourselves close to our sisters and brothers in Somalia, and we try to be with the Somalian people in their difficult times,” he said.
Noting that Somalia has made significant progress despite ongoing challenges, Ertaş said Türkiye has remained committed throughout the country’s recovery process.
“Things were very difficult in the past. Comparatively, it’s in much better shape now. And during these difficult times, we continue to be part of this positive process,” he said.
Welcoming international support for Somalia, including from the U.K., Ertaş said Ankara sees cooperation rather than competition as the way forward.
“We welcome support of international governance in Somalia, including the U.K.,” he said, adding that Türkiye’s Somalia policy enjoys broad domestic backing, with numerous Turkish NGOs actively participating in reconstruction and development efforts.
He also pointed to Türkiye’s investments in health care, including a major hospital in Mogadishu staffed by Turkish medical volunteers, as well as joint projects in fisheries and hydrocarbons. He also underlined Türkiye’s security cooperation with Somalia, including the training of over 20,000 Somali security personnel.
Speaking at the event, Somali Ambassador to the United Kingdom Abdulkadir Hashi welcomed the report presented by the Center for Anglo-Turkish Relations, saying it reflects Somalia’s transformation from a country dependent on humanitarian assistance to one focused on development and investment.
“With respect to the report, first of all, I truly appreciate framing Somalia as a country that has moved away from humanitarian dependency and toward a development objective, one that is ready for foreign investment and partnership-based global action. That framing was very, very welcome,” Hashi said.
He said the report’s proposal for closer trilateral cooperation between Somalia, Türkiye and the U.K. builds on already strong bilateral relationships.
“The core objective of the report is the trilateralization of our already meaningful bilateral relations with Türkiye by adding the United Kingdom to that equation. As the Somali ambassador to the U.K., nothing could make me happier than to see our best friend, Türkiye, and my host country, the U.K., which has also truly stood by us, form a closer cooperation,” he added.
Chairing the event, Afzal Khan, Labour Party member of Parliament and former U.K. trade envoy to Türkiye, said closer cooperation among allies has become increasingly important amid growing global instability.
“Somalia and Türkiye are both extremely important partners. As we see global insecurity with the ongoing war in Ukraine and the unrest across the Middle East, strengthening ties with our allies in the meeting has become even more pertinent,” Khan said.
He said the CATR report correctly identifies the foundations for achieving lasting stability in Somalia.
“This report by the CATR rightly identifies the long-term stability in Somalia, which benefits not just Somalia but the whole of Africa, and indeed the U.K is best advanced through three key pillars: strengthening the solid axis, accelerating investment and economic growth, and deepening trilateral cooperation between Somalia, the U.K. and Africa,” he said.
Khan also argued that development should increasingly replace aid dependency.
“For too long, the West has given aid to Somalia and expected it to grow and recover, but it cannot do this dependent on aid alone, and I’ve always looked at this issue with the idea that we’ve got to deal with the symptoms and the causes,” he said.
Speaking at the opening of the leaders’ summit of NATO in the capital Ankara on Wednesday, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan renewed his country’s commitment to the alliance while urging NATO members that are also EU members not to exclude Türkiye. The summit was an occasion to cement Türkiye’s role in international affairs and, beyond that, a venue to discuss the future of the alliance shaken amid the Russia-Ukraine conflict and a rapidly changing U.S. view of the bloc. Defense expenditures dominated the talks, which followed a defense industry forum on Wednesday where new defense deals were unveiled.
“We took measures to reach the 5% defense spending goal by 2030,” Erdoğan said as he delved into the country’s contribution to NATO. “Türkiye has taken measures to raise the ratio of our defense spending to the 3.5% level before 2030,” he added.
The president said Türkiye has already allocated 1.5% of its budget to security- and resilience-related expenditures.
He also announced that Türkiye has earmarked an additional $24 billion for its Steel Dome air and missile defense project, saying the investment is aimed at strengthening one of NATO’s most critical capability gaps. Highlighting Türkiye’s role within NATO, Erdoğan said the country, which has Europe’s largest land army, remains ready to place its military capabilities at the alliance’s disposal whenever needed. He noted that Türkiye is among the leading contributors to NATO operations, missions, and exercises in Kosovo, the Black Sea, the Baltic region, and other areas.
Erdoğan also said Türkiye hopes to secure NATO accreditation for its planned Center of Excellence for Countering Unmanned Systems, citing the country’s experience in successfully deploying unmanned aerial vehicles on real battlefields. “I believe this center will bolster our capability to counter threats posed, in particular, by aerial and maritime drones,” he added.
He called for the removal of restrictions on defense cooperation among NATO allies. “Restrictions between allies regarding defense cooperation, particularly in the defense industry, should be lifted,” Erdoğan stated. He stressed that even as European allies assume greater responsibility for the continent’s defense, they should avoid policies that could weaken NATO’s unity or transatlantic ties. “As European allies take on greater responsibility for the defense of the continent, we must refrain from measures that could undermine the alliance’s cohesion and transatlantic relations,” he said.
Türkiye and European Union countries have been at odds for years over the former’s admission to the body. Türkiye did not abandon its ambition to join the EU but has been candid on the bloc’s attempts to ignore Türkiye in terms of defense projects. Most recently, Türkiye sought to join the SAFE mechanism established to boost collaboration with non-EU countries for the defense of the continent, which came under the spotlight in the wake of the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Although Türkiye boasts good relations with most EU states, some countries openly oppose Türkiye’s inclusion in defense plans, namely Greece and the Greek Cypriot administration, which have been hostile to Ankara’s ambition to expand its clout across the region.
Highlighting Türkiye’s growing defense sector, Erdoğan said the country’s largest achievement in recent years has been its major defense industry advances. “Undoubtedly, our country’s greatest success lies in the breakthrough we have achieved in the defense industry,” he said, adding that Türkiye has become one of the world’s top 10 countries in terms of defense production and export capacity.
Türkiye’s defense industry flourished under the leadership of Erdoğan, who prioritizes defense investments both for counterterrorism efforts and against external threats. In this context, Türkiye’s locally made arsenal played a key role in reducing the power of terrorist groups, especially in cross-border operations. Nowadays, Türkiye seeks a bloodless end to decades of violence perpetrated by the PKK, which agreed to lay down arms last year. Over the past two years, Türkiye, which was rocked by brutal attacks by the PKK, especially in the 1990s, has not witnessed any substantial acts of terrorism by the PKK.
With Steel Dome, Türkiye, which lies in close proximity to conflict-ridden countries, aims to strengthen its defenses through an integrated system. Erdoğan has earlier highlighted that Israel’s expansionism across the region may target Türkiye too in the future if the Netanyahu administration is not pressed to stop its genocidal campaign in the Palestinian territories and attacks on other countries, including Türkiye’s southern neighbor, Syria.
Trump’s complaints
A few hours before Erdoğan’s speech, U.S. President Donald Trump criticized NATO as he held a joint news conference with the bloc’s secretary-general, Mark Rutte.
“I am not happy with NATO over Greenland and Iran. We are treated unfairly in NATO; we pay disproportionately,” he said. Trump aimed at NATO allies who failed to back his campaign against Iran and insisted he still wanted Greenland, calling European resistance to his stance a “big problem.”
“I’m very upset with NATO … because of what they did with Greenland, and … because of the fact that they didn’t want to help us with the No.1 state sponsor of terror, that’s Iran,” he said. Trump singled out Spain for particular criticism, calling it a “terrible partner in NATO.” “Spain is a wasted cause. We don’t want to do any trade business with Spain anymore,” he said, dragging up a bitter row that also touches on Madrid’s defense spending, urging his Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent to “cut it off.” And he raked up more sensitive territory by reiterating his desire for NATO member Denmark’s territory of Greenland. “Greenland is a big problem for us,” he told reporters, saying it was “very important for the United States, but it’s not important for Denmark.” “We need it for the protection of the world, not just the United States.. It doesn’t help Denmark, but it helps us.” Denmark’s Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen issued a terse response to Trump’s remarks a day earlier, saying: “Greenland is, of course, not for sale.” With NATO keen to focus the U.S. leader’s attention on its surging defense budgets, stalled efforts to halt the Ukraine war were also back on the agenda, with Trump saying he believed both sides wanted to end the fighting. “I think they both want to make a deal,” said Trump, who will meet Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy later on Wednesday. With negotiations at an impasse, Trump spoke with Russian President Vladimir Putin before flying to Türkiye and was to “follow up” with him after meeting Zelenskyy, a U.S. official said. Europe and Canada are set to pledge to keep military support flowing to Ukraine to the tune of 70 billion euros ($80 billion) a year in both 2026 and 2027. Trump was also scheduled to hold talks with Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa as he seeks to rebuild the country’s international image as it emerges from years of Civil War. The meeting comes a day after the Syrian leader hosted French President Emmanuel Macron for a landmark state visit that was overshadowed by twin bomb attacks that wounded 18 in the capital, Damascus. Although Trump still appears rankled over restrictions some allies put on U.S. forces using bases at the start of the Iran conflict, he brought welcome news for Erdoğan, saying he would consider selling Türkiye F-35 fighter jets and would roll back sanctions.
“I don’t want to deal (with Iranians); they’re sick people,” Trump said about the war with Iran after the cease-fire between the two countries was violated overnight with U.S. strikes in Iran. Trump had nothing but good words for Türkiye, especially for President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. “I like President Erdoğan, he rolled out the red carpet for me. Türkiye is very strong, they’ve got the best (military) equipment,” he said.
On the Russia-Ukraine conflict, Erdoğan said: “We will continue supporting Ukraine while steering Russia toward peace.”
“While supporting Ukraine, we are also making use of our communication channels to encourage Russia toward peace,” he said. The Turkish president also endorsed Trump’s efforts to end the conflict. “We share Mr. Trump’s vision for peace in the Ukraine war and express our support for the initiative addressing Ukraine’s priority needs,” Erdoğan said.
The president also commented on developments in the Middle East. “I appreciate President Trump’s stand on the resolution of the U.S.-Iran conflict,” he said. “I would also like to state that it is incumbent upon all of us to ensure calm, particularly in Gaza and Lebanon.”
“The two-state solution (between Palestine and Israel) is key for lasting peace in the Middle East,” he also stated. Erdoğan also urged NATO allies to stand in “full solidarity” against terrorism.
The Turkish president also welcomed U.S. President Donald Trump’s “firm stance” for resolving tensions involving Iran.
“I appreciate the resolute stance supported by my friend Mr. Trump, which has helped put the resolution of the Iran crisis on the right track, despite attempts at sabotage,” Erdoğan said.
Türkiye stands ready to contribute to efforts to clear mines from the Strait of Hormuz, he added.
Vice President Cevdet Yılmaz is set to visit the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) on Friday for a series of meetings, project inspections and the signing of a natural gas pipeline agreement, according to the Turkish Presidency.
Yılmaz will begin his visit by attending a ceremony at Ercan Airport marking the delivery of a firefighting helicopter to the TRNC. He is also scheduled to hold a joint news conference with TRNC Prime Minister Ünal Üstel.
During the visit, Yılmaz will meet with TRNC President Tufan Erhürman and inspect the Güzelyurt Cold Storage Integrated Facilities project before visiting the Güzelyurt municipality building.
Türkiye and the TRNC are also expected to sign a memorandum of understanding on the establishment of a natural gas pipeline between the two sides.
Yılmaz’s program will conclude with visits to the AK Party’s TRNC representative office and the construction site of the new Nicosia (Lefkoşa) State Hospital.
During his previous visit to the TRNC, Yılmaz emphasized that under President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s leadership, Türkiye continues to stand by the Turkish Cypriots in all areas – from education and health care to transportation, infrastructure, energy and agriculture. Yılmaz noted that Türkiye-TRNC cooperation includes sharing expertise in public services, coordination during natural disasters and the provision of equipment and vehicles. “Under the spirit of Türkiye-TRNC cooperation, we are putting 29 new vehicles into service today – 24 service vehicles and five fire trucks,” he said. “Of the 24 police service vehicles we donated, 12 were supplied under the Financial Support Program.”
On Feb. 12, Üstel also visited Yılmaz in Ankara. The vice president described the talks as productive and said work is underway on a new economic and financial cooperation framework.
“Our aim is clear. We want to carry the TRNC toward a more prosperous and stronger future,” Yılmaz said.
He stressed that ties between Türkiye and the TRNC are “not ordinary relations between two countries,” adding that Türkiye, as a guarantor state, “will continue to stand by the TRNC.”
The TRNC was founded in 1983. The country is fully recognized only by Türkiye, which does not recognize the Greek Cypriot administration in the south.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan on Wednesday hailed a successful Ankara summit for laying the “foundation of a stronger NATO.”
He described it as a “historic” gathering that will help shape the alliance’s future at a time of heightened security challenges across the Euro-Atlantic region.
“We have successfully concluded our NATO summit, which we hosted in our country for the second time in 22 years and for the first time in our capital, Ankara,” Erdoğan said at a news conference following the conclusion of the summit.
He said the meeting came at a critical moment for Euro-Atlantic security and would have lasting significance for the alliance.
“This historic summit, which we hosted at a time when Euro-Atlantic security is being tested, has been conducted in a manner that will shape our common future,” he said.
Erdoğan said Türkiye has had to contend with regional crises and terrorism for decades without benefiting from the post-Cold War “peace dividend” enjoyed by many European countries.
“There were times when we were left alone and treated unfairly. Therefore, we often had to rely on our own capabilities,” he said.
He noted that those efforts have enabled Türkiye to surpass many NATO allies in defense spending, military capabilities and the strength of its defense industry.
“Today, in terms of defense spending, military capabilities and the defense industry that underpins them, we are well ahead of many allies,” Erdoğan said.
The president added that NATO leaders reviewed the implementation of commitments made at last year’s summit in The Hague and reaffirmed Türkiye’s plans to further increase its contributions to the alliance.
Türkiye’s role in NATO
Highlighting Türkiye’s military role within NATO, Erdoğan said the country commands the alliance’s second-largest land force and has long served as the cornerstone of security on NATO’s southeastern flank.
“We currently command NATO’s second-largest land army. For decades, the security of NATO’s southeastern flank has largely been entrusted to our country,” he said.
He said Türkiye remains among the leading contributors to NATO operations, missions and common funding, adding that Turkish F-16 fighter jets will be deployed to Estonia beginning in August as part of NATO’s Air Policing mission.
Erdoğan also said Türkiye will continue leading the NATO-led Kosovo Force (KFOR) until September 2026 and is scheduled to command the NATO Response Force in 2028-2029.
Highlighting Türkiye’s defense industry, Erdoğan said the country is among the few NATO members capable of producing its own fighter aircraft, tanks, naval vessels and air defense systems.
He added that Türkiye has become a global leader in unmanned aerial vehicles, naval drones and warship production while also supplying defense products to allied nations.
Erdoğan reiterated that EU defense initiatives should complement NATO, rather than duplicate its efforts.
“The European Union’s defense initiatives must complement NATO and avoid unnecessary duplication. I draw the attention of our allies and the EU leadership to this important point at every opportunity and in every forum,” he said.
Erdoğan also renewed his call for the removal of remaining restrictions on defense trade among NATO allies.
“Although some obstacles to defense industry trade among allies have decreased, they still exist. These restrictions must be removed as soon as possible, without conditions,” he said.
It is not clear whether it was the “gift” U.S. President Donald Trump had talked about earlier, but the United States inched closer to lifting Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA) sanctions for Türkiye during the NATO summit held on Wednesday and Thursday.
It was a welcome development for the Defense Ministry.
The Defense Ministry on Thursday described the summit held in Ankara as a “historic gathering” where allies comprehensively addressed current security threats and evaluated strategic decisions aimed at strengthening the alliance’s collective deterrence and defense capabilities.
Speaking at the ministry’s weekly press briefing at the Crescent-Star Joint Headquarters in Ankara, ministry spokesperson Zeki Aktürk said the 36th NATO Heads of State and Government Summit was held within the framework of a “360-degree security approach.”
The spokesperson also welcomed Trump’s remarks on CAATSA sanctions with relief. “The summit was a historic gathering where the alliance’s current threats were comprehensively addressed, and strategic decisions aimed at strengthening collective deterrence and defense capabilities were evaluated,” Aktürk said.
He said the summit reinforced solidarity among allies, helped develop a shared vision for the evolving security environment and strengthened the common approach to security across the Euro-Atlantic region.
Referring to the Defense Industry Forum and the reception for NATO defense ministers hosted by Defense Minister Yaşar Güler on the sidelines of the summit, Aktürk said the events promoted joint production and technological cooperation among allies while showcasing Türkiye’s high technological capabilities, strong production capacity and innovative vision in the defense industry.
He said Türkiye would continue contributing to international peace, security and stability as a reliable and responsible NATO ally through its strong military, growing domestic defense industry, active defense diplomacy and multidimensional foreign policy.
On questions about Trump’s remarks on possible CAATSA sanctions relief during the NATO summit, the Defense Ministry said Türkiye “continues to make significant contributions to NATO’s deterrence and collective security as a strong and effective ally.”
Aktürk added: “We expect all explicit and implicit restrictions targeting our defense industry, including the CAATSA sanctions, which are incompatible with the spirit of alliance, to be lifted. In this context, we welcome the statements made by the U.S. president and favor an approach that strengthens mutual trust and solidarity among allies rather than restrictions.”
Responding to remarks by Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis opposing Türkiye’s potential acquisition of F-35 fighter jets, the ministry said Ankara supports resolving regional issues through constructive dialogue and good-neighborly relations, adding that avoiding rhetoric that could increase tensions would positively contribute to bilateral ties. Aktürk also stressed that the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) pose no threat to those who do not threaten Türkiye.
Aktürk said Güler held talks with his counterparts from Japan, Latvia, New Zealand, Hungary, Canada, Romania and Bulgaria on the sidelines of the NATO summit, focusing on defense cooperation, regional security and alliance priorities.
He said Güler also signed a declaration of intent on defense cooperation with Canada and an amendment expanding the mandate of the Black Sea Mine Countermeasures Task Group to protect critical undersea infrastructure.
He also signed, together with the defense ministers of Romania and Bulgaria, an amendment to a memorandum expanding the mandate of the Black Sea Mine Countermeasures Task Group (MCM Black Sea) to include the protection of the three countries’ critical undersea infrastructure in the Black Sea.
On July 8, Güler also joined President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan at the NATO summit sessions and attended the president’s bilateral meetings with the leaders of France, Syria, Italy, Germany and the U.K.
The Crescent and Star compound, dubbed by the media as “Türkiye’s Pentagon,” was partially opened on the occasion of the NATO summit in the Turkish capital Ankara.
On Tuesday, Defense Minister Yaşar Güler hosted counterparts from NATO member states for a reception at the Star Section of the new headquarters, whose construction is still underway in other parts. The joint headquarters will bring together the land, air and naval force commands of the army, which were scattered in the past across the capital, although in close proximity.
“With its design inspired by the crescent and the star in Türkiye’s national flag, the Ay Yıldız Complex brings our entire defense and military command under one roof,” Güler said in his address at the reception, using the Turkish name of the complex.
“This new headquarters complex will be fully operational soon, and it will take its place among the largest military headquarters in the world. By bringing the General Staff and the Single Service Command headquarters together, we aim to increase our joint operation capability to the highest level and to gain maximum pace and efficiency through speeding up bureaucratic processes.
The security of the headquarters will be provided with top-level air and land defense measures within the context of the “Steel Dome” strategy and cutting-edge electronic safety systems,” he said.
Güler stated that the complex was equipped with smart and sustainable construction technologies to ensure uninterrupted communication, command and control under both crisis and conflict circumstances.
“Being more than just a modern headquarters facility, it stands as a physical symbol of Türkiye’s consolidated, agile and forward-looking defense posture. I am confident that this brand-new headquarters will be a place where the work will be carried out for the defense and security of both our country and the alliance as a whole,” the minister stated.
Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis avoided direct comment on the reinstatement of F-35 fighter jet sales to Türkiye by the U.S. but urged NATO to be sensitive to an “open threat of war.”
He was speaking on Wednesday right outside the Turkish president’s front door as he joined other leaders arriving for a key NATO summit. One day earlier, U.S. President Donald Trump, after a warm welcome from President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, signaled that they would consider selling jets to Türkiye, seven years after a ban was imposed on the country. Trump has also pledged to lift the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA) sanctions on Türkiye as he heaped praise on Erdoğan.
Mitsotakis, who held several talks in the past with Erdoğan for rapprochement between the two former foes, said the issue could be resolved through “good neighborly ties and cooperation” and expressed pleasure at visiting Ankara, adding that he favored improving relations between Türkiye and Greece. Yet, he also stated, “Sensitivities of all NATO allies should be taken into consideration against plans of Türkiye to expand its territorial waters.”
Ankara and Athens seek to improve relations after years of hostilities, but maritime jurisdictions remain a thorny issue. The countries, which came close to an all-out war in the 1990s over the Aegean Sea, remain vigilant, with Türkiye concentrating on developing a domestic defense industry. Greece relies on foreign partners to boost its defenses. Embracing the doctrine of being effective and powerful at sea, as its predecessor, the Ottomans, were, Türkiye in the past two decades has developed an independent defense industry capable of operating in open waters, thereby shifting geopolitical balances in its favor. The navy plays a critical role in ensuring the security of maritime trade routes in the Eastern Mediterranean, the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea, promoting regional stability.
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